Total Population as a Percentage of Virginia and Pennsylvania, 1860

Augusta County remained steady as a percentage of Virginia's total population between 1820 and 1860, growing slightly in the 1840s. Franklin County, on the other hand, declined significantly as a percentage of the Pennsylvania population between 1840 and 1860.

U.S. Census Office, Eighth Census [1860]. Population of the United States in 1860, Compiled from the Original Returns of the Eighth Census. Washington, D.C., 1864

Edward L. Ayers and William G. Thomas, III
Total Population as a Percentage of Virginia and Pennsylvania, 1860

"The visible differences that slavery made in the arrangement of the landscape were apparent to many observers, but Northerners and Southerners interpreted them differently. Northerners focused on land value per acre and Southerners on the dollar value of their crops."