Annual Value of Manufacturing Per Capita, 1860

This graph compares the value of manufactured products on a per capita basis.

U.S. Census Office, Seventh Census [1850]. Population of the United States in 1850, Compiled from the Original Returns of the Seventh Census. Washington, D.C., 1854. U.S. Census Office, Eighth Census [1860]. Population of the United States in 1860, Compiled from the Original Returns of the Eighth Census. Washington, D.C., 1864.

Edward L. Ayers and William G. Thomas, III
Annual Value of Manufacturing Per Capita, 1860

"Although Franklin's wealth was concentrated in its rural agricultural commodities, the county was a commercial hub with numerous businesses and shops more densely concentrated than its Southern counterpart."

"Enslaved labor was integral to Augusta's industries--woolen mills, distilleries, flour mills, lumber mills, and iron foundries--while skilled white artisan shops were small in number and scale and virtually free of enslaved labor."