Agricultural Production, Franklin and Augusta Counties, 1860, by Percentages
Franklin farms devoted almost exactly the same proportion of their total grain production on average to wheat as they did
to corn, but in Augusta farmers devoted twice as much production to corn on average. Farms of higher value and size in both
Franklin and Augusta invested more heavily in wheat production than in corn.
|
Augusta |
Franklin |
Wheat (percent of Total Grain production) |
Number of cases |
Mean |
Median |
Number of cases |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
400 |
23% |
21% |
1028 |
37% |
36% |
Nonslaveholders |
231 |
22% |
20% |
|
|
|
Slaveholders |
169 |
25% |
23% |
|
|
|
Best Soil |
329 |
24% |
21% |
485 |
41% |
40% |
Medium Soil |
42 |
27% |
24% |
510 |
35% |
33% |
Worst Soil |
29 |
15% |
13% |
33 |
27% |
24% |
Lowest Farm Value Quintile |
66 |
15% |
10% |
171 |
32% |
28% |
Low-Medium Farm Value Quintile |
88 |
19% |
17% |
225 |
34% |
32% |
Medium Farm Value Quintile |
85 |
26% |
25% |
206 |
38% |
38% |
Medium-High Farm Value Quintile |
79 |
26% |
23% |
202 |
39% |
38% |
High Farm Value Quintile |
82 |
29% |
27% |
224 |
43% |
42% |
Smallest Farm Size Quintile |
66 |
19% |
17% |
278 |
38% |
34% |
Small-Medium Farm Size Quintile |
202 |
25% |
23% |
637 |
37% |
37% |
Medium Farm Size Quintile |
72 |
23% |
21% |
91 |
37% |
36% |
Medium-Large Farm Size Quintile |
46 |
24% |
23% |
20 |
37% |
36% |
Largest Farm Size Quintile |
14 |
21% |
21% |
2 |
34% |
34% |
Corn (percent of Total Grain production) |
Number of Cases |
Mean |
Median |
Number of Cases |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
400 |
57% |
57% |
1026 |
34% |
32% |
Nonslaveholders |
231 |
58% |
57% |
|
|
|
Slaveholders |
169 |
56% |
57% |
|
|
|
Best Soil |
329 |
57% |
57% |
484 |
34% |
33% |
Medium Soil |
42 |
56% |
56% |
509 |
34% |
31% |
Worst Soil |
29 |
62% |
59% |
33 |
44% |
43% |
Lowest Farm Value Quintile |
66 |
61% |
65% |
175 |
40% |
36% |
Low-Medium Farm Value Quintile |
88 |
59% |
57% |
223 |
37% |
34% |
Medium Farm Value Quintile |
85 |
58% |
57% |
207 |
32% |
30% |
Medium-High Farm Value Quintile |
79 |
55% |
57% |
197 |
32% |
30% |
High Farm Value Quintile |
82 |
54% |
56% |
224 |
32% |
31% |
Smallest Farm Size Quintile |
66 |
61% |
66% |
278 |
39% |
35% |
Small-Medium Farm Size Quintile |
202 |
56% |
56% |
635 |
33% |
31% |
Medium Farm Size Quintile |
72 |
56% |
57% |
91 |
33% |
31% |
Medium-Large Farm Size Quintile |
46 |
58% |
61% |
20 |
30% |
27% |
Largest Farm Size Quintile |
14 |
56% |
59% |
2 |
27% |
27% |
Rye (percent of Total Grain production) |
Number of Cases |
Mean |
Median |
Number of Cases |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
400 |
5% |
2% |
1055 |
7% |
3% |
Nonslaveholders |
231 |
6% |
2% |
|
|
|
Slaveholders |
169 |
4% |
2% |
|
|
|
Best Soil |
329 |
5% |
2% |
488 |
5% |
2% |
Medium Soil |
42 |
4% |
1% |
531 |
9% |
5% |
Worst Soil |
29 |
9% |
4% |
36 |
17% |
12% |
Lowest Farm Value Quintile |
66 |
9% |
1% |
186 |
12% |
9% |
Low-Medium Farm Value Quintile |
88 |
7% |
3% |
235 |
8% |
5% |
Medium Farm Value Quintile |
85 |
5% |
3% |
208 |
7% |
3% |
Medium-High Farm Value Quintile |
79 |
4% |
2% |
202 |
5% |
3% |
High Farm Value Quintile |
82 |
2% |
5% |
224 |
5% |
2% |
Smallest Farm Size Quintile |
66 |
5% |
5% |
296 |
9% |
3% |
Small-Medium Farm Size Quintile |
202 |
6% |
3% |
644 |
7% |
4% |
Medium Farm Size Quintile |
72 |
6% |
3% |
93 |
8% |
4% |
Medium-Large Farm Size Quintile |
46 |
3% |
2% |
20 |
4% |
2% |
Largest Farm Size Quintile |
14 |
2% |
5% |
2 |
12% |
12% |
Oats (percent of Total Grain production) |
Number of Cases |
Mean |
Median |
Number of Cases |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
400 |
14% |
12% |
1055 |
23% |
24% |
Nonslaveholders |
231 |
13% |
10% |
|
|
|
Slaveholders |
169 |
15% |
13% |
|
|
|
Best Soil |
329 |
5% |
2% |
488 |
21% |
21% |
Medium Soil |
42 |
4% |
1% |
531 |
25% |
26% |
Worst Soil |
29 |
9% |
4% |
36 |
18% |
17% |
Lowest Farm Value Quintile |
66 |
16% |
9% |
186 |
20% |
23% |
Low-Medium Farm Value Quintile |
88 |
15% |
13% |
235 |
24% |
24% |
Medium Farm Value Quintile |
85 |
11% |
9% |
208 |
24% |
25% |
Medium-High Farm Value Quintile |
79 |
15% |
14% |
202 |
25% |
26% |
High Farm Value Quintile |
82 |
14% |
12% |
224 |
21% |
21% |
Smallest Farm Size Quintile |
66 |
15% |
9% |
296 |
19% |
19% |
Small-Medium Farm Size Quintile |
202 |
13% |
10% |
644 |
24% |
25% |
Medium Farm Size Quintile |
72 |
15% |
14% |
93 |
24% |
23% |
Medium-Large Farm Size Quintile |
46 |
15% |
13% |
20 |
29% |
30% |
Largest Farm Size Quintile |
14 |
22% |
22% |
2 |
27% |
27% |
|
Augusta |
Franklin |
Cows (percentage of Total Animals) |
Mean |
Median |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
11% |
10% |
17% |
14% |
Nonslaveholders |
12% |
10% |
|
|
Slaveholders |
11% |
8% |
|
|
Swine |
Mean |
Median |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
44% |
43% |
42% |
42% |
Nonslaveholders |
48% |
47% |
|
|
Slaveholders |
39% |
37% |
|
|
Cattle |
Mean |
Median |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
17% |
14% |
20% |
19% |
Nonslaveholders |
14% |
12% |
|
|
Slaveholders |
20% |
17% |
|
|
Sheep |
Mean |
Median |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
13% |
5% |
9% |
0% |
Nonslaveholders |
12% |
0% |
|
|
Slaveholders |
15% |
12% |
|
|
Horse |
Mean |
Median |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
15% |
13% |
15% |
14% |
Nonslaveholders |
15% |
13% |
|
|
Slaveholders |
15% |
12% |
|
|
Mules |
Mean |
Median |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
2% |
0% |
1% |
0% |
Nonslaveholders |
7% |
0% |
|
|
Slaveholders |
4% |
0% |
|
|
Oxen |
Mean |
Median |
Mean |
Median |
County Average |
3% |
0% |
2% |
0% |
Nonslaveholders |
2% |
0% |
|
|
Slaveholders |
5% |
0% |
|
|
Edward L. Ayers and William G. Thomas, III Agricultural Production, Franklin and Augusta Counties, 1860, by Percentages 2001.
Points of Analysis to this Data:
"On a per capita basis, Franklin farmers grew far less corn and more wheat than their counterparts in Augusta, and their commitment
to wheat was seen by many as both the symbol of the North's wealth and the evidence of its superior labor system."
"The richest farm households in Augusta, however, had a high correlation with relatively high wheat production and low corn
production, and slavery enabled even greater success on these farms."
Citation: Key = E123
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