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 Articles Indexed by TopicFranklin County : PoliticsNote: When you select an article from the list below you will be taken to the appropriate page of the newspaper. You may need to scroll down in order to find the particular article you are interested in reading. |
Franklin Repository, July 12, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "Micawber Democracy."
An attack on Philip Johnson, M. C. from Easton, a "Micawber Democrat" who, once elected to Congress, opposed the war at every
step of the way and "voted steadily against men and means to prosecute the war." Though Johnson may have been under the false
impression that the President was sympathetic to his way of thinking, the executions of the four conspirators has quickly
settled the issue.
Franklin Repository, August 2, 1865, p. 3, c. 1: "Local Items--The Union Convention."
Announces that the Union delegate elections will be held on Saturday and the Convention the following Tuesday, to nominate
a ticket. The piece also provides a copy of the measure passed in 1859, stipulating the basis of representation for each district.
Franklin Repository, August 9, 1865, p. 2, c. 7: "Union County Convention."
A summary of the events at the Union County Convention, at which the party's nominees for the upcoming election were selected.
Valley Spirit, August 16, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "The Abolition County Convention."
The "Abolition" Convention of Franklin county met on August 8th to determine its slate of candidates for the upcoming election.
The article maintains that the group is now dominated by "renegade Democrats" who have "succeeded in obtaining the entire
control and management of the delectable party of negro-suffrageites in this county."
Franklin Repository, August 16, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "The Union County Ticket."
The editors note that the Union County ticket, which combines "peculiar political and personal strength," was selected with
little acrimony. Additionally, they applaud the decision of the Convention to award war veterans the nominations for the most
lucrative positions up for grabs in the election.
Valley Spirit, August 23, 1865, p. 2, c. 4: "Legislative Candidate."
With the former representative of Franklin county, Mr. Sharpe, having declared his unwillingness to pursue another term in
the legislature, "Chambersburg" endorses Col. James B. Orr to fill the vacancy, because he is well-known and has served in
this capacity before.
Valley Spirit, September 6, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "The Election--The Ticket."
After a sanctimonious assault on the Republicans, the Spirit endorses the recently selected Democratic slate of candidates
for the upcoming election. Colonels Davis and Linton were selected to run for the state house and eight other Democrats were
nominated for the county and district ticket.
Valley Spirit, September 6, 1865, p. 2, c. 4: "The Outlook and Resolves."
The Patriot and Union casts its support for the Democratic County ticket. The article predicts the election will have serious
repercussions for whites, both northern and southern, should the Republicans prevail.
Valley Spirit, September 6, 1865, p. 2, c. 5: "Remarks of Wm. McLellan, Esq."
Contains a transcript of William McLellan's speech at the Democratic County Convention. McLellan discussed the issues that
will form the core of the party's platform in the upcoming election, including compensation for farmers from the state's border
region, black suffrage, and President Johnson's Recontruction policies.
Franklin Repository, September 6, 1865, p. 2, c. 3: "The Democratic Ticket."
After noting that the Democratic County ticket is dominated by men from Chambersburg, the editors offer a critique of each
of the men selected to represent the party in the election. In particular, they take the Democrats to task for their nominee
for State Senate, C. M. Duncan, labeling the decision "a grave political blunder."
Valley Spirit, September 13, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "Captain D. L. Tressler."
"W. W. W." endorses Captain D. L. Tressler for Assembly and includes a short history of his battlefield exploits.
Valley Spirit, September 13, 1865, p. 2, c. 3
Sharply rebukes the Shippensburg News, which endorsed a candidate in Chambersburg's senatorial and representative district.
Additionally, the News has attacked the Democratic nominees, in spite of the fact that it has no direct interest in the county
or election.
Valley Spirit, October 4, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "To the Democracy of Franklin County."
Discusses the Republicans' positions on the most critical issues -- black suffrage, compensation for border farmers, and
the return to civil law.
Valley Spirit, October 4, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "The Right to Vote."
Cautions deserters and non-reporting drafted men that efforts have been undertaken to deny them the vote in the election.
In Franklin county, the late Provost Marshal is circulating a list with their names, which "partizans" are using to intimidate
and discourage said men from voting.
Valley Spirit, October 4, 1865, p. 2, c. 3: "Where They Stand."
Criticizes Messrs. Hartranft and Campbell, both Republicans, for their platforms.
Franklin Repository, October 4, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Last Appeal."
Stressing the importance of the upcoming election, the editors implore voters to reject the entreaties of the Democrats because
they opposed the war effort and denounced the men who fought for the Union as "hirelings and mercenaries."
Franklin Repository, October 11, 1865, p. 2, c. 7: "The Election!"
A summary of the partial returns from the election, which, according to the latest reports, was won by the Union State ticket
(Republican Party) by between 8,000 to 10,000 votes. The article also includes the results by district for Franklin county.
Franklin Repository, October 18, 1865, p. 3, c. 3: "Local Items--Franklin County Election."
A summary of the official results from Franklin county, excluding the soldier vote which may be sufficient to reverse the
outcome in the contest for senator.
Franklin Repository, October 25, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "The Senatorship."
Although all of the ballots have not been tabulated, because the votes of the soldiers of the 77th have not yet arrived from
Texas, it appears that C. M. Duncan will be given the certification of election as the district's Senator, say the editors.
Another reason for reexamining the result, they claim, is that at least fifty deserters cast votes in the contest (all for
Duncan), despite being disfranchised as mandated by a congressional act.
Franklin Repository, October 25, 1865, p. 2, c. 3
In the election a year ago, recalls the article, the local Democratic candidates for the Assembly, Congress, and Judge were
all defeated, largely as a result of the soldier vote. To avoid a similar outcome this year, Coffroth, Meyers, and other Democratic
leaders "persuaded" return judges in Bedford, Fulton, and Adams counties to reject a sufficient number of soldiers' votes
to guarantee a Democratic victory. Once the fraud was exposed, however, the results were reversed and all of the "victorious"
Democrats, with the exception of Coffroth, declined to appeal the decision.
Valley Spirit, November 1, 1865, p. 3, c. 1: "Local and Personal--The Election."
Provides the official election results in Franklin county as presented by the Return Judges.
Franklin Repository, November 8, 1865, p. 2, c. 3
Word has arrived that the overwhelming majority of the soldiers in the 77th Regiment voted, and it is expected that most
of them cast their ballots for McConaughy, which would give the Republican candidate an edge over his rival, and presumed
victor in the contest, C. M. Duncan. Should the soldiers' returns not give McConaughy a majority of the vote, the article
informs readers that all is not lost since it has been discovered that some 80 deserters voted illegally in the election,
giving their support to Duncan.
Franklin Repository, November 8, 1865, p. 3, c. 3: "Local Items-Political."
The official tally for the home and army vote for Senator and Assembly.
Valley Spirit, November 15, 1865, p. 2, c. 1
In mocking tones, the article discusses the editor of the Repository's visit and interview with President Johnson. Included,
too, is a an extract from McClure's session with Johnson.
Franklin Repository, November 15, 1865, p. 2, c. 4: "Koontz vs. Coffroth."
The article argues that the congressional contest between Gen. Koontz and Gen. Coffroth was plagued by corruption and "organized
fraud," and casts blame for the irregularities on the Democrats, who refused to allow the soldiers' vote.
Franklin Repository, November 15, 1865, p. 3, c. 2: "Local Items--Contested Election."
A copy of Col. Rowe's petition to the Quarter Court. The court is scheduled to hear the case on January 11th.
Valley Spirit, November 22, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "Texas at Last."
The votes from local soldiers stationed in Texas have arrived, but the Spirit questions their legitimacy, asserting that
the returns are actually fraudulent.
Valley Spirit, November 22, 1865, p. 2, c. 3: "Contested Election."
Responds to a Harrisburg Telegraph article that claims Col. D. W. Rowe was defeated in his quest for the district attorney
post because of election fraud.
Franklin Repository, November 29, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "The Victory Complete."
The returns from the 77th Regiment have finally been processed, and as the editors expected, they have secured victories
for David McConaughy and Col. Rowe in their respective contests.
Valley Spirit, December 6, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "The Texas Returns--Infamous Fraud."
Contends that the Republicans manipulated the votes of the soldiers stationed in Texas, in an attempt to reverse Calvin Duncan
and William Stenger's election victories.
Franklin Repository, December 13, 1865, p. 2, c. 3: "The Case of Gen. Koontz."
In a replay of the controversy that occurred in 1864, the congressional election between Gen. Coffroth and Gen. Koontz has
been plagued by fraud and conspiracy, report the editors. The editors express the belief, however, that Gen. Koontz will emerge
victorious once the competing claims are investigated.
Valley Spirit, December 20, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "The Senatorial Contest."
Criticizes McConaughy for challenging the results of the Senatorial election. The article charges that McConaughy's effort
to reverse the result of the contest is based upon fraudulent returns from soldiers stationed in Texas.
Valley Spirit, December 27, 1865, p. 2, c. 5
Contains a copy of William Stenger's response to allegations made by D. Watson Rowe, his opponent in the recent election.
Rowe asserts that Stenger did not actually win the contest for District Attorney.
Valley Spirit, January 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "The Sixteenth Congressional District."
Reproaches the board of return judges and Congress for their failure to seat the duly-elected representative from the Sixteenth
Congressional District, which includes Franklin county.
Valley Spirit, January 3, 1866, p. 3, c. 2: "Memorial."
The article reports on a meeting held on Dec. 22nd at the Court House in Chambersburg, where a memorial was adopted by the
town's residents, appealing to the State Legislature for compensation for damages inflicted by Confederate raiders.
Franklin Repository, January 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "The Vote of the 77th Regiment."
Since their arrival several weeks earlier, it has been discovered that the ballots purportedly cast by the soldiers of the
77th Regiment, stationed in Texas, are fraudulent. The author of the article expresses the belief that the ballots were fabricated
to "bring odium" to the recipients of the votes, Mr. McConaughy and Col. Rowe.
Franklin Repository, January 17, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "The Spirit and Gen. Coffroth."
The editors rebuke their counterparts at the Spirit for belatedly endorsing Gen. Coffroth. Coffroth was elected to Congress
last year in a contest widely touted as fraudulent. His reputation was further tarnished by revelations that he voted in favor
of controversial Republican initiatives to placate his Republican detractors, who had questioned the legitimacy of his victory.
Valley Spirit, January 24, 1866, p. 2, c. 2
Comments on an editorial that appeared in the Repository, criticizing the Spirit for its "stupidity" concerning the contest
to represent the Sixteenth District in Congress. Over the past couple of weeks, the Spirit alleges, the Repository has portrayed
Mr. Koontz as the certain victor in that election, a fact even the Democratic journal admits it blindly accepted. With the
surprising victory of Gen. Coffroth, however, it is now the Repository that must eat crow.
Valley Spirit, January 24, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "The Senatorship."
Discusses the outcome of the contest between McConaughy and Duncan for State Senator. Initially Duncan was named the winner
of the election but the discovery of voting irregularities appears likely to reverse his victory. The Spirit alleges that
partisanship lies behind the decision to review the case.
Valley Spirit, January 24, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "Judge King's Opinion."
In spite of Judge King's decision to throw out Duncan's victory, the Spirit praises the judge for his stand regarding the
constitutionality of the law banning deserters from voting--the Republicans' primary rationale for challenging the election
result.
Valley Spirit, January 24, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "The Senatorship."
Contains a copy of the report issued by the Senate committee investigating the "undue election and false return of Calvin
Ducan, as Senator elect" from the Franklin and Adams District.
Valley Spirit, January 31, 1866, p. 2, c. 2
The Spirit refutes the allegation made by the Repository (and reported in the Harrisburg Telegraph) that Republicans in Congress
negotiated a secret deal to back Coffroth, the Democratic candidate for the Sixteenth Congressional District seat, if he agreed
to support their bill to abolish slavery.
Valley Spirit, February 7, 1866, p. 2, c. 5: "Minority Report Upon the McConaughy--Duncan Contested Election."
Contains a copy of the minority report submitted by the committee of the Senate, which was given the task of determining
the victor in the disputed election between Calvin Duncan and David McConaughy.
Franklin Repository, February 21, 1866, p. 2, c. 8: "Local Items."
In his speech, Forney admitted that, though he initially did not support granting the vote to blacks, he now fully endorses
universal suffrage and contends that to be a "coward" not to.
Valley Spirit, February 28, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "The Spring Election."
Exhorting local Democrats to vote in the upcoming borough and township elections, the editorial declares that the "high-handed
outrages practiced by the abolition elected officers during the past several years" can be reversed if loyal men turn out
in force at the polls.
Franklin Repository, February 28, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Coffroth Admitted."
With the arrival of news that Congress has decided in favor of admitting Gen. Coffroth, the editors lament that Koontz, the
Union party nominee for the seat, will most likely have to wait until the next election to oust his rival.
Franklin Repository, April 18, 1866, p. 3, c. 1: "Local Items--Resume of the Local Legislation Affecting Franklin County."
A summary of new laws passed during the most recent session of the legislature that will be enforced in Franklin county.
Franklin Repository, May 2, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "An Important Case."
In several election districts in Franklin county, deserters were barred from voting by Union party officials in the last
election, as called for by Pennsylvania's disfranchisement law. Despite the existence of the law, the editorial complains,
enforcement was irregular at best.
Franklin Repository, May 23, 1866, p. 2, c. 3
Like "a star shooting from its sphere," the article proclaims, William Sharpe has "burst upon the circle of Democratic aspirants"
competing to represent the district in Congress. His candidacy has upset what had appeared to be a settled battle for the
nomination between Gen. Coffroth and Judge Kimmell. The piece reports that the "thunderclap" of support for Sharpe's nomination
"comes from the cool breezes of the glades" where "the frosty sons of the Alleghenies" reside.
Franklin Repository, May 23, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "Letter From Petroleum V. Nasby He Visiteth Chambersburg--He Attendeth the
Presbyterian Church."
An account of the trip to Chambersburg taken by Petroleum V. Nasby, a fictitious character who personifies the stereotypical
image of an ignorant copperhead.
Valley Spirit, June 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Congress."
In response to the decision made by the Democrats of Somerset county to nominate A. H. Coffroth for the upcoming Congressional
election, the editor of the Spirit reminds them that the people of Franklin county have supported their nominees in the past
two elections, therefore, it is only fair that the Democrats from Franklin should select the next nominee. With that in mind,
the Spirit endorses the nomination of J. McDowall Sharpe, Esq.
Valley Spirit, June 27, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "Duncan vs. McConaughy."
With the State Supreme Court's decision to invalidate the law banning deserters from voting, the editor assumes that McConaughy,
"the pretended Senator from this district," will step down in favor of his Democratic challenger, Calvin Duncan.
Valley Spirit, July 11, 1866, p. 3, c. 1
Announces that the County Democratic Committee will meet on August 14th.
Valley Spirit, July 18, 1866, p. 3, c. 1: "Local and Personal--Proceedings of the Democratic County Committee."
Contains a re-cap of the proceedings at the Democratic County Committee's meeting, held on July 14th.
Franklin Repository, July 25, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "Gen. Koontz Admitted."
After much controversy, and several months of debate, Congress has finally admitted Gen. Koontz to his seat, a development
the article proclaims as a "righteous verdict."
Valley Spirit, August 8, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Congressional Nomination."
With three Democrats competing to represent the district in the upcoming Congressional election, the contest will be tight,
says the editor. Of the three, however, the Spirit endorses the candidacy of Chambersburg's own J. McDowall Sharpe, whom,
it asserts, "will poll a larger vote in the district" than any of the other contenders.
Franklin Repository, August 8, 1866, p. 3, c. 2: "Union County Convention."
A summary of the events at the Union County Convention.
Valley Spirit, August 15, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Nomination of Hon. J. McDowall Sharpe."
The editorial lauds the Democratic Congressional Conference's nomination of J. McDowall Sharpe to represent the district
in the upcoming Congressional election. The body met on August 19th to make the selection.
Valley Spirit, August 15, 1866, p. 3, c. 1: "Local and Personal--The Republican County Convention."
Recounts the proceedings of the Republican County Convention of August 7th, which the article concedes had a large turnout.
Franklin Repository, August 15, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Mr. Sharpe Nominated."
The editors congratulate William Sharpe, who was nominated as the Democrats' candidate for Congress in the upcoming election.
Sharpe, they remind readers, advocates the Democratic line--that is the immediate and unconditional admission of the former
rebel states. Should Sharpe's policy be carried to its logical results, it would "make the war fruitless--its sacrifices vain;
its achievements a stain upon the pages of our history."
Franklin Repository, August 15, 1866, p. 3, c. 1: "Local Items--Union Representation."
The article provides the breakdown from the 1864 Presidential election; under the system approved by the late Union County
Convention, electoral returns will serve as the basis of representation at future conventions.
Valley Spirit, August 22, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "Democratic Meeting."
Recounts that "one of the largest and most enthusiastic" Democratic County meetings occurred on August 14th, at the Court
House.
Franklin Repository, August 22, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Union Ticket."
The editorial lavishes praise upon the Union nominees for election, and calls attention to the fact that the party's candidates
who are competing for the most "lucrative" and "important offices" are "gallant and faithful soldiers."
Franklin Repository, August 22, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Mr. Sharpe and the African."
The editors ridicule Democratic nominee William Sharpe for his inability to focus on any other issue beyond the "dark spectre"
posed by blacks. Judging by his remarks on the stump, in which "African was omnipotent," the editors assert that Sharpe is
deserving of considerable sympathy since he seems certain of his inability to compete with "the downtrodden and oppressed
African in the race for social, political, and religious honors."
Franklin Repository, August 29, 1866, p. 2, c. 5: "A Card From Post Master Deal."
Having attended the Johnson Soldiers' Convention in Philadelphia, unaware of the details of the political platform that would
be advanced there, Deal pronounces his outright rejection of the sponsors of that meeting, the National Union party, and signals
his intent to support "the entire Union ticket."
Valley Spirit, September 5, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "A Card From Post-Master Deal."
Recounts the politcal conversion and reversion of J. W. Deal, who, the article maintains, became a loyal Johnson supporter
to keep his appointment before returning back to the Republican fold.
Valley Spirit, September 5, 1866, p. 2, c. 5: "The County Ticket."
Provides a brief biography/endorsement of each of the Democratic nominees for office from Franklin county.
Valley Spirit, September 5, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "Resolution."
Includes a copy of the resolutions adopted by the Democratic County Convention.
Franklin Repository, September 12, 1866, p. 2, c. 4
The piece defends Post Master Deal from the abuse levelled at him by the Valley Spirit. Deal was nominated to attend the
Philadelphia Convention by men who evidently believed him to be sympathetic to the Democratic cause. Upon his return from
the political gathering, however, Deal voiced contempt for the platform advanced at the convention and questioned the loyalty
of its leaders. As a consequence, Deal has been the target vitriolic and malicious criticism.
Valley Spirit, September 19, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "Riot--A Dastardly Outrage."
Reproaches Republicans in Greencastle for their violent behavior following a meeting held there on Sept. 17th. According
to the article, "rowdies" began, without provocation, to throw stones through the windows of several houses in town.
Franklin Repository, September 26, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "Inciting Riots."
The article reproaches those individuals responsible for the violence that occurred during the Republican meeting at Mr.
Sellers's public house on September 17th. Regardless of whom is to blame for the melee, it charges, such actions are "lawless
and riotous, and as such should be condemned by all law-abiding people and punishable by law." Should the perpetrators not
be brought to justice, such inaction will serve as "encouragement to bad men to glut their lawless appetites." The piece also
castigates the Valley Spirit for its role in inciting the disorder.
Valley Spirit, October 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "A Wanton Attack."
The editorial chastises the Repository for denouncing Matthew P. Welsh, the newly appointed Post Master of the borough, for
his willingness to "join his political foes for a price." In his defense, the Spirit argues that Welsh "has always been conservative
in his politics, and never approved of the course of the radical leaders."
Valley Spirit, October 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 7: "The Great Mass Meeting."
Contains a report on the Democratic meeting that took place in Chambersburg on Sept. 26th.
Franklin Repository, October 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "The Coming Election."
The editors admonish Union men of the county "to see to it that every Union voter in their respective districts gets to the
polls." They also stress the necessity of voting the straight ticket. Should the Democrats succeed at electing one of their
own either to Congress or the state legislature, they warn, it will only strengthen the president's efforts to re-admit the
southern states to the Union.
Franklin Repository, October 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 5: "Democratic Electioneering."
Local Democrats have been given ten thousand dollars to "carry" the election for William Sharpe. With that amount of money,
the piece suggests, Democrats hope to purchase 500 to 1,000 votes.
Franklin Repository, October 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "Colonizing Voters!"
It is reported that Democrats in Metal township are "resorting to one of their old tricks" in an effort to stave off their
inevitable defeat in the upcoming election. To accomplish this feat they have brought 80 to 100 men into the county, and "put
them to work under the employ of certain Democratic Iron Masters" in the lower end of the township, "for the purpose of aiding
by their votes to elect Mr. Sharpe to Congress."
Valley Spirit, October 10, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "The Election."
Announces that the Republicans won the election, and provides the voting results for Franklin county.
Franklin Repository, October 10, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Now That It Is Over."
The editors defend their remarks about Matthew P. Welsh, who was appointed Postmaster of Chambersburg, and dispute the allegations
issued by their rivals at the Valley Spirit who contend the Repository's reporting on Welsh amounted to "a malicious and wanton
attack" on his character. The editors acknowledge that political canvassing includes many "objectionable features," yet they
maintain they have endeavored to follow a righteous path.
Franklin Repository, October 17, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Green Spot."
The official returns from the county have given the Republicans a 200 vote majority. Though in previous years the Democrats
blamed their poor performances on low voter turn out, the editors contend that such rationalizations cannot be employed this
year because "the contest was a fair one." The "vote was a full one, and the result was a complete defeat of the Democracy."
Franklin Repository, October 17, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Gen. Wm. H. Koontz."
In a tight race, Gen. Koontz defeated William Sharpe by a "decisive majority of 645" votes. The editors attribute Sharpe's
defeat to his support of Johnson's policies and his opposition to the proposed constitutional amendments, which "no loyal
man could read carefully and oppose."
Franklin Repository, October 17, 1866, p. 2, c. 4
Having avoided discussion of the matter during the recent election campaign, to focus their energy on securing a Republican
victory, party members from Franklin county must now help decide who should be appointed to the U. S. Senate.
Franklin Repository, October 17, 1866, p. 2, c. 7: "Election Intelligence."
The article contains the official vote for Franklin county and a comparison with the results of 1864.
Franklin Repository, October 17, 1866, p. 3, c. 1: "Local Items--Election Night in Chambersburg."
The piece recounts (in a tongue-in-cheek manner) the atmosphere in town on election day and details the events that occurred.
Valley Spirit, October 24, 1866, p. 2, c. 5: "Official Vote for Congress."
The article provides the official election results from the Congressional district that includes Franklin county.
Franklin Repository, October 24, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Senatorial County Convention."
Having been betrayed by the state's last two choices for the U. S. Senate, Republican men of Franklin county do not intend
to be duped again. Instead, the article relates, they have scheduled a convention to meet so that they can tell "their Senator
and Representatives, and ... their Republican brethren throughout the State, who they deem most worthy of the many worthy
men named for the high and responsible position."
Franklin Repository, October 24, 1866, p. 2, c. 7: "Greenvillage Slightly Ahead."
"Green" brags about the high turnout in Greenvillage for the Republicans, and suggests that the vote collected there included
ballots from the county's oldest and fattest residents.
Valley Spirit, October 31, 1866, p. 2, c. 1
Details the political in-fighting among local Republicans as they battle over the party's next senatorial nominee.
Franklin Repository, November 14, 1866, p. 3, c. 1: "Local Items--Delegate Elections."
According to the editors, the elections for delegates to the Senatorial County Convention were warmly contested, though,
in the end, the "overwhelming sentiment in the county" was clearly in favor of Gov. Curtin for Senator.
Valley Spirit, November 21, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Senatorial Convention."
Relates that local Republicans held a convention at the Court House last week where they selected Curtin as "the choice of
Franklin county for United States Senator."
Franklin Repository, November 28, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "A Hint To Col. Forney."
Although Col. Forney "is a great leader," explain the editors, he enjoys limited public support for his bid to become Senator.
Consequently, they avow, he should halt his attacks on those Republicans who have advocated instructing their representatives
on how to vote in the Senatorial contest, and acknowledge that the push for reform has in no way affected his candidacy.
Franklin Repository, December 5, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "Mr. Stumbaugh's Pledge."
Armed with testimonials from Franklin Republicans that directly contravene statements made by Col. Stumbaugh, the editors
castigate the legislator for denying that, in return for the nomination, he pledged to support his constituents' choice for
the U. S. Senate seat.
Valley Spirit, December 12, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Corrupt Appointments."
The article attacks the Repository for denouncing the district's most recent appointees, and challenges the journal to "produce
the proof of its infamous allegation, or stand convicted of wilful and malicious falsehood."
Franklin Repository, February 20, 1867, p. 1, c. 5: "Speech of Hon. Wm. H. Koontz, of Pennsylvania, on Reconstruction."
A transcript of Representative Koontz's address before Congress on the subject of Reconstruction. In his remarks, Koontz
makes clear his belief that the best way to protect the Union is to grant suffrage to all loyal men in the South, black or
white.
Valley Spirit, March 20, 1867, p. 3, c. 2: "The Elections."
Lists those individuals who won an office in the last election.
Valley Spirit, March 27, 1867, p. 3, c. 1: "Local and Personal--Spring Election Returns."
Lists the individuals who secured victories in the spring elections.
Valley Spirit, April 17, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Judge of the Supreme Court."
The piece proposes that Francis M. Kimmell, of Chambersburg, be nominated for Judge of the Supreme Court.
Valley Spirit, June 5, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Thad Stevens and Dave McConaughy."
The editors express alarm at the news that Dave McConaughy, the Republican candidate for state senate, is in league with
Thad Stevens. "The whole affair," they note, "is a preconcerted, barefaced, scheme to catch votes for the Republican ticket."
Valley Spirit, August 14, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "To The Democratic Electors Of Franklin County."
F. M. Kimmell, Chairman of the County Committee, informs local Democrats that a meeting is scheduled for August 31st. The
purpose of the meeting is to select delegates to meet Sept. 3rd at the Court House in Chambersburg. These delegates, in turn,
will select the candidates for the various county offices that will be contested in the fall election.
Valley Spirit, August 21, 1867, p. 2, c. 5: "Assembly."
"Chambersburg" nominates James B. Orr, of Orrstown--"the Gibralter of the Democracy of Franklin county"--as a candidate for
the Assembly. The letter also indicates that candidates for Associate Judge and County Commissioner should come from the district
that includes Chambersburg.
Valley Spirit, August 21, 1867, p. 2, c. 5: "Delegate Election."
"North Ward" proposes a new procedure for selecting delegates for the approaching election. Rather than the usual method
of "marking," he suggests that the names of the nominees be placed on ballots so as to avoid the "trickery and deception"
that has recently plagued the election process.
Valley Spirit, August 28, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "The Radical County Ticket."
At the Radical County Convention held on August 20th, candidates for the upcoming county elections were selected. The Republican
ticket is dominated by members of the McClure faction and, say the editors, "is essentially a weak one."
Franklin Repository, August 28, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The County Ticket."
The editorial endorses the ticket selected at the Republican County Convention, describing it as commanding "general respect,"
and gives a brief biographical sketch of each candidate.
Valley Spirit, September 4, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "To The Patrons Of The Valley Spirit."
In an article introducing themselves to readers, the new editors of the Valley Spirit lay out their political views and principles,
which, for all intents and purposes, are the same as those held by the former owners of the journal.
Valley Spirit, September 4, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "A Sample Of Radical 'Truth.'"
The editors ridicule the preamble of a resolution passed at the late Republican County Convention, which declares that "all
political power is of the people," and chide the author of the passage, Dr. Samuel G. Lane.
Valley Spirit, September 4, 1867, p. 3, c. 2: "Democratic Convention."
Summarizes the election results and provides a copy of the resolutions passed at the Democratic County Convention on Sept.
3rd.
Valley Spirit, September 11, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Democratic Ticket."
In the article, the editors introduce the Democratic candidates for office in the county elections -- Col. B. F. Winger,
John Armstrong, George W. Skinner, and William Shenafield -- and provide brief biographical sketches of each.
Valley Spirit, September 11, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Democrats , Prepare For Action."
With the election only weeks away, Republicans are moving feverishly ahead to rally the party's rank-and-file members. Their
diligence is required, the editors avow, because they know that "honest, straightfoward white laborers are not in sympathy
with their project to enfranchise the negro in Pennsylvania." By contrast, the Democrats "have never been in higher spirits."
Franklin Repository, September 11, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Democracy in Council."
The article admits that the Democratic County Convention was conducted smoothly, but suggests that the false calm is a product
of stagnation rather than harmony.
Valley Spirit, October 2, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Nigger On The Brain."
It is reported that one of the speakers at a Republican rally in Greencastle "put himself square on the record" in favor
of black equality. The orator in question, a lawyer, "distincly asserted that he desired no difference between the two races
in social or political rights." Appealing to the "Conservative Republicans of Franklin county," the editors warn that, should
the Republicans prevail in the upcoming election, Congress will force all Pennsylvanians to accept such a fate.
Valley Spirit, October 2, 1867, p. 2, c. 6
According to the editors, the Republicans are focusing all their energy on electing Mr. Greenawalt for County Treasurer because
they know that they "have no hope of saving the balance of their ticket."
Franklin Repository, October 7, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Do Your Duty!"
The editors implore readers to get out and vote! There is no doubt that Republicans hold a majority in the county, they say,
the only question is how many are willing to come out and cast their ballot.
Valley Spirit, October 16, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Our Own Triumph."
The editors celebrate the Democratic victory in the late election.
Franklin Repository, November 20, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "How About Our Standard?"
Sounding a rally cry, the editors admonish Republicans to get to work in the face of the recent election setbacks. Despite
the party's poor performance, they say, the results should not be taken as sign to stray from the party's guiding principles.
That "would lead to irretrievable disaster."
Valley Spirit, December 4, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "At Last."
In the last issue of the Repository, the article informs readers, Col. McClure, the editor of the Republican organ, made
clear his, and his party's, position relative to granting blacks the vote when he inscribed "Manhood Suffrage" as the newspaper's
banner.
Franklin Repository, May 3, 1865, p. 1, c. 4: "Speech Of A. K. McClure."
A copy of Col. A. K. McClure's speech delivered to the Legislature on March 16, 1865, in which he admonished his colleagues
to support the bill Providing Adjudication of the Border Military Claims. The piece also includes the debate that followed
McClure's address.
Valley Spirit, June 28, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "Democratic State Nomination."
The Spirit endorses Isaac Slenker, of Union county, and James P. Barr, of Allegheny, as the Democratic nominees for Auditor
General and Surveyor General respectively.
Valley Spirit, July 12, 1865, p. 3, c. 2: "Local and Personal--The Bounty Tax Law."
The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has upheld the constitutionality of the Bounty Tax Law, as mandated by the legislature
on April 25, 1864. The law was resisted by many within the state and even divided the Court along partisan lines, with Republicans
supporting the measure and Democrats in opposition.
Franklin Repository, July 19, 1865, p. 2, c. 5: "The Next Governor."
Contending that the western section of the state is "strangely overlooked" when the selections for gubernatorial nominees
are made, the writer of the letter endorses Col. Francis Jordan, of Bedford, for the Republican nomination.
Franklin Repository, August 2, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Col. Harry White."
The editors endorse the nomination of Harry White for Senator from the district that includes Indiana, Cambria, and Jefferson.
The Democrats, they contend, will strive to deny White the seat because they hold an intense grudge against him. During the
war, White was elected to the state senate while serving in the army. Soon after winning the contest, he was captured by the
rebels who refused every entreaty to exchange him for a rebel prisoner. The motive for their refusal, the editors claim, was
that White, had he been able to take his seat, would have given the Republicans a majority in the senate. White, however,
undermined their efforts when he managed to send notice back to Pennsylvania resigning his seat, thereby enabling the Republicans
to secure it through a special election. As a consequence of his actions, the Democrats "will leave no means or efforts untried
to compass his overthrow."
Valley Spirit, August 23, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Gen. Simon Cameron."
Remarks happily on the infighting that has beset the Republican Party in Pennsylvania.
Franklin Repository, August 23, 1867, p. 1, c. 6: "Letter From Judge Kelly."
A copy of the address delivered by William Kelly in response to the speech made by Gen. Cameron a week earlier in which he
vilified Kelly and the other "Congressmen from Philadelphia" for working solely to promote their own self-interest. In his
reply, Kelly denounced Cameron as a corrupt opportunist who shamelessly seeks patronage appointments, including his post as
Secretary of War under Lincoln which he held until he was "indignantly" driven "from that high office."
Valley Spirit, August 30, 1865, p. 1, c. 4: "The Republican State Convention."
Disparages the Republican State Convention recently held in Harrisburg and those individuals attending the function. Pointing
to the resolutions passed at the convention, the article asserts that the struggle between radical and conservative Republicans
has left its mark on the party's platform.
Valley Spirit, August 30, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Our State Ticket."
Praises the Democratic State Convention and the party's nominees for Auditor General, Col. W. W. Davis, and Surveyor General,
Col. John P. Linton. The article includes brief summaries of the two candidates' battlefield heroics.
Valley Spirit, September 13, 1865, p. 1, c. 3: "The Political Contest in Pennsylvania."
Asserts that the political campaign in Pennsylvania "has a much deeper significance than ordinarily attache[d] to State and
local contests" because the battle is reflective of the struggle taking place on the national level between the Radicals and
Democrats. In contrast to the conservative policies endorsed by the Democrats, the most important being state's rights, the
Radicals, the article contends, are promoting an aggrandizement of the federal government's powers and the placement of severe
restrictions upon the former Confederate states. The Spirit maintains that the Reconstruction policy adopted for North Carolina
should serve as the model for the readmittance of the southern states.
Valley Spirit, September 13, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "The Issue."
In the upcoming election, the most important issue will focus on striking out of the word "white" from Pennsylvania's constitution.
The implications of this act are many-fold. According to the Spirit, however, all of them are negative. If blacks are granted
the right to vote, the article maintains that it will eventually result in increased miscegenation and "the spectacle of the
highest type of humanity giving place on this continent, to a mixed, mongrel race, such as now curses the rich plains of Mexico
and Central America."
Valley Spirit, September 13, 1865, p. 2, c. 5
Contains letters from W. W. Davis and John P. Linton accepting the Democratic nomination for Auditor General and Surveyor
General, respectively.
Valley Spirit, September 20, 1865, p. 1, c. 3: "Address of the Democratic State Central Committee."
Contains a transcript of the address given by William W. Wallace, Chairman of the State Democratic Party, at the State Central
Committee Meeting on Sept. 8th. In his speech, Wallace focused on several topics, including the supremacy of the law, the
importance of free government, and the rights of the states.
Valley Spirit, September 27, 1865, p. 2, c. 6: "To the People of Pennsylvania."
Contains a circular from W. W. Wallace, chairman of the State Democratic Party.
Valley Spirit, September 27, 1865, p. 2, c. 7: "Here's the Point."
After quoting the Daily Hessian, a "radical" journal that maintains the Democrats will court the black vote two years from
now should the freedmen be granted suffrage, the article asks whether white voters are willing to let the "one hundred and
fifty thousand" blacks in the state hold the balance of power.
Valley Spirit, September 27, 1865, p. 2, c. 2
Mocks the Repository editor for his optimism on the eve of the elections. The Spirit asserts that he must surely know that
the Republicans' chances of winning have dimmed considerably since party leaders endorsed black suffrage and ignored the repeated
requests to indemnify farmers in the southern section of the state for damages they suffered during the war.
Valley Spirit, September 27, 1865, p. 2, c. 5: "Arouse Democrats."
Based upon a quote from the Repository editor, the article suggests that even he is aware the Republicans' chances in the
upcoming election are bleak.
Valley Spirit, October 18, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "The State Election."
With the results of the election now in, the Spirit acknowledges that the Democrats were soundly defeated. The Spirit explains
that the Democrats' expectations of success were overblown because the conflict between the Republicans and the President
was inaccurately believed to be "sufficiently developed to affect this election." Additionally, it reports, the Republican
victory was fueled by the pervasive "apathy and indifference" among the residents of heavily Democratic counties.
Franklin Repository, October 18, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Hear Pennsylvania!"
Despite the Democrats' treacherous attempts to "deceive the patriotic people," the voters proved impervious to the gambit,
say the editors.
Franklin Repository, October 25, 1865, p. 2, c. 4: "Harrisburg."
With the election results in, the question is not whether the Republicans will maintain control of the Assembly, but how
large a majority they will hold, reports the Repository's Harrisburg correspondent. Consequently, Republican candidates for
higher office have begun jockeying for position.
Valley Spirit, November 15, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "Senatorial."
Disputes the Harrisburg Telegraph's claim that Duncan is a "copperhead" and the assertion that he obtained his election victory
through fraud.
Valley Spirit, November 15, 1865, p. 2, c. 6: "Plenty of Candidates."
Since the Republican victory in the recent election, the list of candidates competing for that party's gubernatorial nomination
has grown several-fold.
Valley Spirit, November 22, 1865, p. 1, c. 4: "The Harmonious 'Unionists.'"
The article gleefully reports on the on-going battle among state Republicans. The conflict pits the editor of the Repository,
Col. A. K. McClure, against the editor of the Harrisburg Telegraph.
Valley Spirit, December 6, 1865, p. 1, c. 5: "Pennsylvania Official Returns."
Announces the official results for Auditor General and Surveyor General, seven weeks after the election occurred.
Valley Spirit, January 17, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "Governor."
Discussing the upcoming gubernatorial contest in Pennsylvania, the Spirit endorses Mr. Clymer's nomination.
Valley Spirit, January 31, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "Returns of the State Election."
In the recent election, reports the article, Hartfrant and Campbell won their respective contests for Auditor General and
Surveyor General.
Valley Spirit, January 31, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "Harrisburg."
Chronicles the previous week's proceedings in the State Legislature, which included the introduction of a bill to provide
relief for the residents of Chambersburg and a Senate resolution on black suffrage in the District of Columbia.
Valley Spirit, February 7, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "Negro Suffrage in Pennsylvania."
Although many Republicans in Pennsylvania were undecided whether to support black suffrage in the last election, the recent
debate on granting blacks the ballot in the District of Columbia has shown that this is no longer the case. It is now absolutely
clear, according to the Spirit's editor, that the party endorses black political equality.
Valley Spirit, February 7, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "Harrisburg."
Over the course of the past week, the Legislature discussed several controversial measures, the most prominent and divisive
being the question of black suffrage. Additional topics of debate centered on the approaching gubernatorial election and relief
for the border counties.
Valley Spirit, February 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Address of the Democratic State Central Committee."
Contains a copy of the speech given by W. W. Wallace, the Chairman of the State Democratic Party, on Feb. 9, 1866. In his
address Wallace called on the party faithful to "sustain the President" and "vindicate the supremacy" of their "race."
Valley Spirit, February 28, 1866, p. 1, c. 8: "State Tax on Real Estate."
Reports on the passage of a bill that imposes a tax on bank stocks and the gross receipts of railroad companies. The tax
should significantly aid the state government's efforts to raise its revenues and eliminate the need to tax real estate in
the future.
Valley Spirit, March 7, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Nomination for Governor."
Equally impressed by both candidates competing for the Democratic gubernatorial nomination, the editor declares he will support
either man against any of the four Republican contestants who are vying for that party's bid.
Valley Spirit, March 7, 1866, p. 2, c. 5: "Harrisburg."
"Brutus" reports that the Senate passed a bill granting the Philadelphia and Erie Railroad authority to "build branch roads
in any direction through the counties through which the main road passes, and the counties adjoining said counties." Additional
issues dealt with over the last week include the vote to demand U. S. Senator Cowan's resignation and the upcoming gubernatorial
election.
Valley Spirit, March 7, 1866, p. 2, c. 7: "Latest by Telegraph."
Provides an account of the resolutions passed by the Democratic State Convention and a re-cap of the vote for the party's
gubernatorial nomination.
Valley Spirit, March 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Campaign."
After offering a warm review of the Democratic Convention held in Harrisburg on March 5th, the editor urges fellow Democrats
to organize themselves since victory "will not be achieved if proper efforts are not made to secure it. The foes of free government
must be met boldly on every stump."
Valley Spirit, March 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "Democratic Platform."
Lists the resolutions passed at the Democratic State Convention, and includes a transcript of Hiester Clymer's acceptance
speech.
Valley Spirit, March 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "Closing Scenes of the Disunion Convention."
The article recounts the closing scenes at the Republican Convention, which included several speeches denouncing the President.
Although Col. A. K. McClure, the editor of the Repository, opposed the radical stand taken by some members of his party, McClure,
the Spirit reports, did nevertheless promise to support Gen. Geary, the Republican gubernatorial nominee, who also voiced
criticism of Johnson.
Valley Spirit, March 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "Harrisburg."
The Spirit's Harrisburg correspondent, Brutus, reports on the latest events from the state capital, including the Democratic
and Republican Conventions, the latter, he claims, being the site of considerable discord.
Franklin Repository, March 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Gen. John W. Geary."
The editors cast their full-fledged support behind Gen. John W. Geary's gubernatorial candidacy.
Franklin Repository, March 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Hon. Heister Clymer."
The editorial applauds the Democrats' nomination of Heister Clymer for governor, contending that the decision ensures that
there "can be no mistaking the issues involved in the contest." In contrast to the previous two elections, when the Democrats
tried to perpetrate a "fraud" by nominating soldiers, Clymer's candidacy indicates the Democrats will run on a platform that
fully acknowledges the party's opposition to the late war. Despite Clymer's position on the conflict, the piece notes, he
is "deservedly beloved by his political friends and respected by his political foes."
Franklin Repository, March 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Gen. John W. Geary."
A brief biography of the Republican party's gubernatorial candidate in the upcoming election, Gen. John W. Geary.
Franklin Repository, April 4, 1866, p. 2, c. 5
The Repository's correspondent predicts that the President will use his relationship with Senator Cowan to defeat Union men
in Pennsylvania's upcoming election. Like Johnson, the correspondent claims, Cowan is a hypocrite who professes "to be in
and of the Union party," but does so only in order to "deceive, distract and weaken" the state's "loyal men."
Franklin Repository, April 18, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "A Just Tribute."
The editorial commends the state legislature for issuing a tribute to Gov. Curtin for his "fidelity" and "devotion to his
country" during the tumultuous years he served as the state's executive.
Valley Spirit, June 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "Ten Reasons."
Lists ten reasons explaining why Hiester Clymer, the Democratic gubernatorial nominee, should be elected.
Franklin Repository, June 13, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "A Scrap of History."
The editors discuss the rift within the state's Union party. Much of the dissension stems from the gubernatorial election
of 1863 and Gov. Curtin's nomination to head the ticket.
Franklin Repository, July 25, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Studied Injustice."
The editors criticize the Harrisburg Telegraph, "the central Union organ of the State," for "misrepresenting" the facts as
they relate to Gov. Curtin's decision not to move forward on the ratification of the proposed amendments. The Telegraph, they
contend, has been disingenuous in its coverage of the matter; it has asserted that the majority of the state's Union men support
calling an extra session of the legislature when, in fact, "they were not united in favor of it."
Valley Spirit, August 15, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Pennsylvania and the Coming Contest."
In no other state, observes the editor, is the ascent of the "Conservatives" into power of more importance than in Pennsylvania.
Situated midway between the North and the South, Pennsylvania's future prosperity is dependent on the restoration of the Union,
a prospect that appears to be a distant possibility if left in the hands of the Republicans.
Valley Spirit, August 22, 1866, p. 2, c. 7: "Geary and Negro Voting."
Despite their attempts to convince voters otherwise, Geary and the Republicans are proponents of black suffrage, contends
the article. In fact, should Geary win the gubernatorial election, the journal warns, his "assent will be given to every negro
measure enacted" in order to use the black vote to defeat the political ambitions of the state's white man's party.
Valley Spirit, September 12, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Mongrel Convention."
The editorial lambasts participants at the State Republican Party Convention, particularly the whites in attendance who "worship"
"the miserable and degraded African," yet still profess to "believe that this is a government of white men."
Valley Spirit, September 12, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "Geary's Forlorn Hope--A Clear Confession and Contemplated Fraud."
According to the article, Geary intends on challenging the validity of the "deserters' votes" if it appears as though he
will not win their support. Already, declares the piece, leading Republicans have obtained a list from the War Department
containing the names of 60,000 men from Pennsylvania who are identified as having deserted.
Valley Spirit, September 19, 1866, p. 3, c. 1: "Local and Personal--A Communication From A Republican."
Contains a letter from "Conservative National Republican" denouncing the radical faction of his party and exhorting his compatriots
to be aware that, should they gain control of the Legislature, Republicans in Pennsylvania intend to pass legislation that
will grant blacks the vote.
Valley Spirit, September 26, 1866, p. 2, c. 2
As the first of the middle states to "take a position on the issue that has been thrust so boldly on the country," Pennsylvania,
asserts the article, will play an influential role in determining the fate of the nation.
Franklin Repository, November 7, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Senatorial Instructions."
The editors reiterate their justifications for the proposed reforms to the system of selecting the Republican party's choice
for Senator.
Valley Spirit, November 21, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "McClure--Curtin Convention."
Provides a recap of the results from the Republican State, or so-called "McClure--Curtin," Convention.
Franklin Repository, December 19, 1866, p. 2, c. 1
In scathing terms, the Repository editors excoriate Simon Cameron and his backers at the Reading Journal. In an effort to
thwart the will of "nineteen-twentieths of the Republicans of the state," the Journal "makes the statement that a clear majority
of the Republican members of the Legislature" support Cameron's bid for Senate, a claim the editors categorically refute.
"There are not twenty members of both branches of the legislature who would today confess their purpose to vote for Simon
Cameron," they proclaim, "and no Republican member, of either branch, can vote for him and return to his constituents with
a rational hope of re-election."
Valley Spirit, January 9, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "Governor's Message."
Reminding readers that Governor Curtin publicly supported President Johnson's Reconstruction policies last year, the editor
argues that the content of Curtin's annual message is proof that he hopes to become the state's next Senator. Curtin's position
regarding the restoration of the Union illustrates that he plans to "outradical" his opponent to secure his victory.
Valley Spirit, January 16, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Senatorial Fight--The Wounded and the Killed."
In reference to the contest for the Republican Senatorial nomination, the editorial explains that "[s]carcely ever in the
history of our Commonwealth has such a bitter fight been carried on between aspirants for official position." In a closely
watched race, Simon Cameron defeated his rival, Gov. Curtin, to take the Republican nomination, a result that virtually guarantees
him the Senatorial seat.
Franklin Repository, January 16, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "The Senatorial Slaughter."
The Repository's correspondent, and co-owner, A. K. McClure offers a stinging indictment of the process by which Simon Cameron
was elected Senator.
Valley Spirit, January 23, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Inauguration of Gov. Geary."
Discusses Gov. Geary's inauguration and the speech he delivered at the ceremony, which was "remarkable only for its length
and its sophistry."
Valley Spirit, January 23, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "How The Renegades Rule The Radicals."
Among Pennsylvania's Republicans, says the article, a schism has developed between the "Renegades," supporters of Simon Cameron,
and the "Radicals," who favored Curtin in the contest for the party's Senatorial nomination. More so than the regular, "dyed-in-the-wool
class" of Radicals, the Renegades are dangerous because they have "no fixed principles or defined [political] orbit."
Valley Spirit, January 23, 1867, p. 2, c. 4: "Cameron Declares Against The Word "White" In The Constitution of Pennsylvania."
Using an extract from a speech delivered by Simon Cameron, in which the Senator-elect stated his belief that "clothing a
black man in the American uniform clothed him also with the rights of an American citizen," the article insists that his remarks
reveal the fact "that throughout the war the Radical leaders kept negro suffrage in view as the goal to be reached ... and
not the restoration of the Union."
Valley Spirit, January 30, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Bribery and c."
The editors criticize Simon Geary for failing to take a bold stand against the Radicals. According to the piece, Geary had
campaigned on the platform that he would "expose and extinguish" the corrupt practices of the "Black Republicans," a task
he has yet to accomplish.
Valley Spirit, February 13, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "Governor Geary and the Pardoning Power."
After taking pains to lay out an official policy for granting pardons, the governor, says the article, ignored his own mandate
when he freed an election judge who had been convicted for refusing to accept the vote of an alleged deserter. Accordingly,
Geary's rules and regulations regarding pardons should be viewed as an attempt "to deceive the masses."
Franklin Repository, March 6, 1867, p. 2, c. 5: "Legislative Reform."
In his letter, "Justificus" expresses the belief that a constitutional convention should be convened to increase the size
of the legislature.
Valley Spirit, April 10, 1867, p. 2, c. 4: "A Registry Law in Pennsylvania."
Criticizes a bill promulgated by Radicals in the state legislature that would alter the existing rules related to voter registration.
Valley Spirit, April 17, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "The End of a Corrupt Legislature."
Accusing Pennsylvania's Radicals of "filling their pockets and utterly disregarding the interests of the public," the article
celebrates the end of the current state legislature's session.
Franklin Repository, April 24, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Shall We Have Reform."
Although they differ over the best method to accomplish the goal, the editors assert, Democratic and Republican journals
throughout Pennsylvania do agree that reform must be undertaken to halt the "seething fountain of corruption in the selection
of representatives." The editors contend that the "people should support no man for the legislature who does not positively
pledge himself to allow the people to determine for themselves whether they want constitutional reform or not."
Valley Spirit, May 1, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Where the Money Goes."
Lists the proposed expenditures in the State Appropriation Bill for the upcoming fiscal year.
Franklin Repository, May 15, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Constitutional Convention."
The editors defend their position on the issue of legislation in the face of criticism levelled by the Patriot and Union,
which labeled the proposed constitutional convention a "'Yankee scheme to run around organic laws, and take snap judgement
upon the people.'" The editors recognize their plan is not without faults, yet they assert that it is better than doing nothing,
as the Patriot and Union suggests.
Valley Spirit, June 12, 1867, p. 1, c. 7: "Developments! The Last Pennsylvania Legislature."
The article offers a scathing account of the machinations hatched during the last session of the legislature.
Valley Spirit, June 12, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Corruption of the Last Legislature."
In light of the recent revelations regarding the "extraordinary and alarming state of corruption among members of the Legislature,"
the editors advise citizens to "read, ponder, and reflect, and then go earnestly to work to apply the remedy at the polls
next fall."
Valley Spirit, June 12, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Who Is The State Pardon Broker?"
The article criticizes Gov. Geary's practice of granting "advance pardons" for political purposes, which, it asserts, is
"shameful."
Franklin Repository, June 19, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Republican State Convention."
At the upcoming Republican State Convention, there are two issues that must be addressed, say the editors. The first and
most pressing is to select a candidate to represent the party in the election for the state supreme court. The second is much
more difficult; the party must determine and declare its "purpose and faith." The party's stand on three subjects--legislative
reform, the protective tariff, and reconstruction--will determine whether the Republicans will maintain their "supremacy as
a political organization."
Franklin Repository, June 19, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Doings of the Rip Van Winkle at Harrisburg."
The editors lampoon the Democrats, who, at their State Convention in Harrisburg last week, agreed upon a platform that focuses
only on "'dead issues'".
Franklin Repository, June 26, 1867, p. 2, c. 7: "A Constitutional Convention."
In light of the corrupt practices that marked the last legislature, the Commercial endorses the call to convene a Constitutional
Convention to reform the state's legislative process.
Valley Spirit, July 3, 1867, p. 2, c. 4: "Temperance and Politics."
The "'temperance' people" in Lancaster county held a convention on June 26th that was "very slimly-attended," declares the
article. At the meeting, several resolutions were passed aimed at securing "the enactment and enforcement of a Prohibitory
Liquor Law" and making "continuance of the licensed traffic in intoxicating drinks a political issue." Indeed, it asserts,
temperance is being used to "enable the negro equality propagandists to continue their plunderings and arrogant domination
over the people."
Valley Spirit, July 10, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Viva La Simon--Viva La Corruption!"
The article suggests that Henry W. Williams's nomination as the Republican candidate for the Supreme Court is yet another
example of Simon Cameron's "corrupt practices." It asserts that, just as he did to win his Senate seat, Cameron engineered
a scheme to secure the selection of Williams over his rival M. Russell Thayer.
Franklin Repository, July 24, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Democracy and Its Judges."
During the late war, contend the editors, Democratic judges did their best to undermine the nation's efforts to maintain
the union. The current Democratic candidate for Supreme Judge is no different. Among his most grievous actions, they relate,
he ruled "against the legality of the currency of the country, and strove to embarrass its financial management, at the most
perilous period of the war." His election, the editors warn, will tip the balance of power within the state to the "law-perverting
party."
Valley Spirit, July 31, 1867, p. 2, c. 4: "The Contest In Pennsylvania."
The article contends that "one vital difference" separates the Republicans and Democrats in up-coming election: the issue
of black suffrage. Should the Republicans emerge victorious in that contest, it warns, "the effect will be most disastrous
to the country." The Radicals, it maintains, will move forward with their plans to grant blacks the ballot through "Congressional
action," thus usurping power not only from the elected authorities in the southern states but from northern ones as well.
Valley Spirit, July 31, 1867, p. 2, c. 5: "Why It Was Left Out."
The article reports on the turmoil caused by the failure of the Republican State Convention to include a plank endorsing
black suffrage, which, according to one source, was opposed by "delegates from the interior, who thought their constituents
were not prepared to face the music."
Franklin Repository, August 7, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Can A Republican Vote For Judge Sharswood?"
The editors dismiss the Democrats' attempts to woo support from Republican rank-and-file members for Judge Sharswood's candidacy,
and express doubt over the Democrats' sudden change of heart toward him. They question the motives behind the Democrats' decision
to field Sharswood a candidate now and not ten or fifteen years earlier. What, they ask, has changed?
Valley Spirit, August 14, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Address Of The Democratic State Committee."
Provides a transcript of the speech given by William A. Wallace, Chairman of the Pennsylvania Democratic Party, on Aug. 7th.
Franklin Repository, August 21, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Plea To The Ignorant No. 2."
The editors chastise their Democratic counterparts throughout the state for publishing an article allegedly from the Salem
Journal, a fictitious newspaper, that calls the Dutch, English, and Irish in Pennsylvania "'ignorant, stupid, and stolid.'"
Publication of the article, the editors contend, was a blatant attempt by the Democratic party to sway voters against Judge
Williams, the Republican candidate for Supreme Justice and a native of New England. Yet, they note, this is just the last
in a long line of stunts pulled by the Democrats since 1861 designed to manipulate public perceptions.
Valley Spirit, September 18, 1867, p. 2, c. 5: "Address Of The Democratic Central Committee."
Provides a transcript of Chairman William Wallace's address to the Democratic State Committee.
Franklin Repository, October 9, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Pennsylvania and Her Politics."
The editorial denounces the Democrats' political contributions over the last few years, and predicts Republican victory in
the election.
Valley Spirit, October 16, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Result in Pennsylvania."
In the wake of the Republicans' defeat, the article reports that Pennsylvania "has thundered her denunciation of the Radical
Congress" and "spurned the doctrine of negro suffrage and negro equality."
Franklin Repository, October 16, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "After the Battle."
Casting blame for the Republicans' poor showing in the late election on "lethargy," the editors contend that, had the "full
vote been polled," the results would have been completely different. Indeed, they assert, the people of Pennsylvania are soundly
behind the Republicans on "questions of national interest."
Valley Spirit, October 23, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "A Contemplated Outrage."
There is a move underway in Harrisburg to disallow the results of several contests in which Democratic candidates obtained
small margins of victory over their Republican rivals, say the editors. In reaction, the editors call on "the Conservative
press to speak out this system of gross wrong and studendous fraud."
Valley Spirit, October 30, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "Radicalism Plotting Mischief."
Fearing that they will lose the State Senate, Republicans, say the editors, have "already commenced the work of preparing
the public mind" for one of their nefarious schemes to maintain control of the state government, just as they did three years
ago when they gerrymandering several districts in the state.
Franklin Repository, October 30, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Reflections on our Defeat."
Seeking an answer to explain the Republicans' poor showing in the last election, the editors blame the evil lurking within
man. These sentiments, they avow, can be found in the Democrats' policies.
Valley Spirit, November 27, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Pardoning Power Abused."
One of the numerous corrupt practices that went unchecked during ex-Governor Curtin's administration was the "flagrant" abuse
of the pardoning process, assert the editors. When Gov. Geary came to power he promised to put an end to his predecessor's
"system of granting wholesale pardons." Yet, despite his early efforts to change the laws regulating the procedure, he "abandoned"
his plans soon after taking office.
Franklin Repository, May 17, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "President Johnson."
Despite the Democratic press' recent "discovery" that President Johnson was formerly a Democrat and will therefore promulgate
policies to their liking, the editors incredulously dismiss the possibility that he would abandon his Republican principles
to join the same men who "denounced him throughout the war as a demagogue" and "sneered at him as a traitor to his section."
Franklin Repository, June 21, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "The Problem of Reunion."
With the war over, the difficult task of sectional reconciliation must begin, say the editors. Complicating matters, they
claim, are the efforts of the Democrats, who, after lending their tacit support to the rebels during the late conflict, are
"striving to keep alive the resentments of these traitors and prevent their cordial reunion with kindred they foolishly abandoned
and revengefully fought."
Valley Spirit, June 28, 1865, p. 1, c. 2: "The Negro Suffrage Question."
Since taking office, Johnson has thus far pursued a course deemed amenable by the Spirit and most other conservatives journals.
Through his efforts, national reconciliation will proceed at an accelerated pace so long as the process is not derailed by
Radicals pushing for black suffrage. Blacks, the newspaper asserts, are the biggest "source of national contention and turmoil,"
but Johnson's decision to leave the question of black suffrage to individual states appears to offer the best method to rectify
this situation.
Valley Spirit, June 28, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Groping in Darkness."
As Johnson clarifies his Reconstruction policies (through his North Carolina proclamation), the fissures within the Republican
Party have grown larger, pitting the Radicals against the President and his supporters. The Spirit desires to know where the
Repository stands on the issue.
Franklin Repository, June 28, 1865, p. 2, c. 4
The editors sarcastically commend their rivals at the Valley Spirit for supporting President Johnson's "sound Union administration."
Valley Spirit, July 5, 1865, p. 2, c. 1
Criticizes the Repository for asserting that the Valley Spirit and other Democratic organs have impeded the efforts of the
government. Only a week earlier, scoffs the Spirit, the Repository insisted that Democrats are trying to cozy up to President
Johnson.
Valley Spirit, July 5, 1865, p. 2, c. 5: "Congress to Checkmate Johnson."
Disputes the Radicals' assertion that Congress will stymie Johnson's reconstruction policies by refusing to seat southern
representatives.
Franklin Repository, July 5, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Political Bummers."
The editors accuse politicians in the Union and Democratic camps of political opportunism. The evidence for this claim lies
in the fact that both state parties postponed the state conventions to get a better sense of President Johnson's agenda.
Valley Spirit, July 12, 1865, p. 2, c. 1
In reaction to criticism leveled by the Repository, which asserts that the Spirit has become "more Union than Union men themselves,"
the Democratic organ argues that its support of Johnson is a reflection of his pro-Democratic policies.
Valley Spirit, July 12, 1865, p. 2, c. 3: "Three Theories."
According to the article, there are three possible solutions for the readmittance of the states formerly in rebellion. The
first, President Johnson's model for Reconstruction, proposes appointing provisional governors to guide the restoration process
and allows individual states to decide whether to permit black suffrage. The second is the "Radical Abolition theory," which
contends that Congress should determine when the Confederate states have become sufficiently repentant to rejoin the Union.
And the third alternative, the "Democratic and true Constitutional theory," posits that the states should simply be readmitted,
"with all their rights unimpaired," once the authority of the Constitution has been restored.
Valley Spirit, July 12, 1865, p. 2, c. 4: "Reconstruction."
Applauds President Johnson for appointing southerners to administer the Reconstruction governments, in spite of northern
protestations. Taken from a Republican journal, the article contends that individuals who complain the most about President
Johnson's policies are those who hope to exploit the region as speculators.
Franklin Repository, July 26, 1865, p. 1, c. 7: "Mr. Nasby On Democratic Prospects."
A spoof letter written by a "Dimocrat" who fears for his party's future.
Franklin Repository, July 26, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "Expatriated."
Since the end of the war, say the editors, the Democrats have continued to act in a hostile manner toward the government.
Valley Spirit, August 2, 1865, p. 1, c. 5: "President Johnson's Inherited Cabinet."
Having assumed the country's helm in the midst of a terrible crisis, President Johnson benefitted from the people's reluctance
to criticize a new president. Four months have passed, however, and now, the article contends, it is time for the honeymoon
to end. Johnson's decision to keep the cabinet he inherited from his predecessor made sense under the circumstances, but if
he chooses to retain those officials, many of whom have brought disrepute to the administration--namely Secretary Stanton--then
the president must account for the actions of these individuals as though they were his own selections.
Valley Spirit, August 9, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "Tricks of the Radicals."
Having been "outflanked" by President Johnson over Reconstruction, the Radicals have embarked on a desperate plan to portray
Southerners as unwilling to abide by the terms established for them to return to the Union. The article contends that the
Radicals hope "to induce the President to believe these fabrications" so that he will abandon his current position and take
a more hardline approach, adopting the Radicals' view toward black suffrage.
Valley Spirit, August 16, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "Negro Suffrage in the Elections."
In the upcoming election, the Radicals are sure to make black suffrage a key issue. To bolster their cause, the article contends,
Republicans will try to ease the voting restrictions already in place in the North to avoid any appearance of hypocrisy on
their part, a course of action that should be resisted by the Democrats on all fronts. In no way, the newspaper avows, should
the states yield the rights afforded them in the Constitution.
Valley Spirit, August 23, 1865, p. 2, c. 1
Concurs with an opinion published in the New York Herald castigating Chief Justice Chase for the "revolutionary and incendiary
speeches" he delivered during his tour of the South. The article maintains that Chase's addresses were designed to promote
insurrection among the region's blacks, an act the federal authorities would immediately suppress if done by someone advocating
white (state's) rights.
Valley Spirit, September 13, 1865, p. 2, c. 4: "The Republican Platform."
Derides the Republicans for their failure to support Johnson's Reconstruction policies. The article rails against the Radicals'
contention that the South should be made to suffer before the former Confederate states are re-admitted.
Valley Spirit, September 20, 1865, p. 1, c. 7: "Disposition of the South."
Remarking on the negative impact of the Radicals' anti-Southern rhetoric, the article urges the President to silence the
most outspoken members of this group. Pockets of resistance to Union authority remain, the article admits, but the situation
is not serious enough to warrant a large-scale, lengthy occupation of the region.
Valley Spirit, September 20, 1865, p. 2, c. 1
After announcing the demise of the Republicans, the article castigates the party's platform and predicts dangerous repercussions
if the Radicals manage to consolidate their power in the next election.
Valley Spirit, September 27, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Opposition to President Johnson."
At recently held Republican State Conventions around the country, the article reports, leading members of the party publicly
criticized President Johnson and his Reconstruction policies. The cause of the latest flurry of protests is Johnson's endorsement
of the Mississippi convention, where many antebellum leaders re-emerged as prominent political players.
Valley Spirit, October 11, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "Gnawing at the Vitals of the Union."
In the upcoming session of Congress, the conflict between the Radicals and the Democrats will come to the fore over the issue
of the re-admission of the former rebel states. The article states that the Radicals will undoubtedly resist the process if
black suffrage is not accepted by the state governments in question. The Radicals, the Georgia journal predicts, will fail
to achieve their prescribed goal because they cannot constitutionally make this a ground of objection. More importantly, it
continues, the southern states will be re-admitted sooner or later, regardless of whether they adopt the measures allowing
for the freedmen to vote, because the country is reliant on the region for its agricultural products, namely cotton.
Valley Spirit, October 25, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "The Result."
Although the recent elections in Ohio, Indiana, Iowa, and Pennsylvania failed to produce the Democrats' desired results,
according to the article, the party's future remains bright. Pointing out that the Republicans in Pennsylvania and Ohio sidestepped
the issue of black suffrage in an effort to retain the support of the "thousands who would have deserted their cause had [the
party] hoisted the negro equality flag," it asserts the next Congress "will develop the real position" of the party.
Valley Spirit, November 1, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Reconstruction."
The piece praises President Johnson's policies and warns of the growing threat posed by Radicals who continue to promulgate
their agenda.
Valley Spirit, November 1, 1865, p. 2, c. 4: "The Coming Irrepressible Conflict."
Reports on the political infighting within the Republican ranks as radicals and conservatives battle for control of the party.
Franklin Repository, November 8, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "An Hour With Andrew Johnson."
A synopsis of A. K. McClure's interview with President Johnson. McClure, the chief editor of the Repository, initially supported
Johnson's candidacy for Vice-President but admits to having grave reservations about his choice since the nominating convention
in Baltimore in 1864. The two men discussed a number of topics, including Johnson's view on reconstruction, the proposed trial
of Jeff Davis, and the merits of confiscation.
Valley Spirit, November 15, 1865, p. 2, c. 4: "The Radical Programme."
Contends that Radical Republicans are just biding their time until they have enough strength to take absolute control of
the party. Then, the article predicts, the Radicals will dump Johnson in favor of Chief Justice Chase.
Franklin Repository, November 15, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Shall Treason Regain Its Power?"
The editorial contends that there will undoubtedly be a showdown when the 39th Congress convenes in a few weeks whether the
representatives from the former rebel states should be seated. Ultimately, this decision will have profound implications for
the nation's future.
Valley Spirit, November 22, 1865, p. 1, c. 5: "The Clerk of the House and Its Organization."
Predicts the course of action that the Clerk of the House, Edward McPherson, will take during the up-coming session of the
Congress.
Valley Spirit, November 22, 1865, p. 2, c. 6: "Concerning the President."
With the results from the election now in, it is reported that the Republicans, encouraged by their strong showing, are preparing
to increase the pressure on the President to conform to their Reconstruction plans.
Franklin Repository, November 22, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "The Reaction."
In spite of the President's efforts to facilitate the re-admission of the southern states, the former rebels and their northern
supporters have remained "insolent and defiant" in the face of the administration's generosity. As a result of their actions,
say the editors, the northern populace has grown increasingly weary of the demands of its vanquished foe, and demands that
Congress refuse to admit the representatives from the rebel states until "all issues arising from the war are satisfactorily
and irrevocably adjusted."
Valley Spirit, November 29, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "The Coming Congress."
While the most pressing concern facing Congress when it convenes will be the debate over the admission of the former rebel
states, the article contends that there are other matters, most notably the currency question, which should not be overlooked.
Valley Spirit, December 6, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Congress and Clerk McPherson."
Though hopeful that its assessment is inaccurate, the article casts the Clerk of the House in a negative light, alleging
that it is doubtful whether he will act correctly and admit the Representatives of the former states in rebellion.
Franklin Repository, December 13, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Congress--The President."
The President's speech, asserts A. K. McClure, the chief editor of the Repository, "resolved the painful doubts" that have
circulated since the end of the war. In his address, Johnson made clear his position that the former states in rebellion were
never officially out of the Union, thus opposing Congress' stand on the issue. Although McClure acknowledges that "there is
an apparent want of harmony" between the positions of the executive and legislative branches of the government on this question,
he expresses the opinion that the chasm can be broached so long as Johnson recognizes Congress' primacy in determining the
policy for readmission.
Valley Spirit, December 22, 1865, p. 2, c. 2: "The Age of Fraud."
Mockingly suggests that just as previous periods of history have been referred to as "the golden age" and the "age of grace,"
the present era will be known to future historians as the "Age of Fraud" because of the rampant increase in corruption.
Valley Spirit, December 27, 1865, p. 2, c. 4: "Are the Southern States In or Out of the Union."
Asserts that it is a contradiction to deny that the rebel states are part of the Union but then allow their residents to
vote on constitutional amendments.
Franklin Repository, December 27, 1865, p. 2, c. 1: "Reconstruction."
The editors examine the opposing positions on the issue of the re-admission of the former Confederate states, as expressed
by their most "distinguished" proponents: Thad Stevens, backed by most Republicans, and Raymond, backed by the President,
a few Republicans, the Democrats, and all the former rebels.
Valley Spirit, January 3, 1866, p. 1, c. 5: "The Radical Programme."
Contains a transcript of a speech given by Thaddeus Stevens before Congress, in which he denounced President Johnson's Reconstruction
policies and vowed to block all efforts to re-admit the former Confederate states until their constitutions mandate black
equality.
Valley Spirit, January 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "Sumner, Stevens, and the President."
Reprimands Stevens and Sumner for their attacks on President Johnson, contending that their actions were disrespectful and
showed poor judgment.
Valley Spirit, January 10, 1866, p. 1, c. 4: "Speech of Senator Cowan, of Pennsylvania."
Contains a copy of the address given by Senator Cowan, of Pennsylvania, in reply to Senator Sumner's attack on the President.
Valley Spirit, January 10, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "The Issue Between Congress and the President."
Reports the relationship between Johnson and the "radical majority" in Congress is quickly coming to a disagreeable end.
Franklin Repository, January 10, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Let Congress Act."
The article commends Congress's decision to deny the southern states representation in the current session as a "wise" and
"necessary step, to arrest the growing sentiment" in the South that "the crime of causeless rebellion was to be without atonement
or penalty." Yet, it notes the absolute necessity of formulating a just policy to re-admit the former rebel states as quickly
as possible.
Valley Spirit, January 17, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "The President and the Partizans."
Reports from the Chicago Tribune and other Republican journals indicate that relations between the President and "his party"
have reached a new low. The President, it appears, has suspended all Congressional nominations for office, in direct contrast
to Republican expectations. To the article's author, the Republicans' astonishment seems strange since Johnson, as they well-knew,
"was always a Democrat," and was selected by them precisely because of that fact.
Valley Spirit, January 31, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "The Coming Crisis."
Rumors are circulating in Washington that President Johnson intends to replace most of his Cabinet and will only retain Secretary
McCollough and Postmaster Denis. Though it thoroughly approves of Johnson's plans, the article contends that the changes will
undoubtedly spark a storm of controversy.
Franklin Repository, February 7, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Negro Suffrage."
In spite of the claims made by Democratic senators, explain the editors, the Union (Republican) Party does not support universal
suffrage rights unconditionally. Determining suffrage qualifications, they note, is the province of the state governments,
not the general government. The District of Columbia, however, presents a different issue. As the sole legislative power of
the District, Congress has the right to enact laws it deems best suited to serve the people's interest, including enfranchising
blacks.
Valley Spirit, February 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "The Basis of Representation."
Attacking what it deems to be a dangerous trend, the editorial criticizes Radicals' various attempts to alter the Constitution
since the end of the war. Using a bill recently introduced by Congressman John Broomhall, a representative from the Keystone
state, the piece illustrates how the unintended consequences of these measures may actually do more harm than good.
Franklin Repository, February 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "What Shall Be The Guarantees."
Although some members of Congress have advocated enfranchising the former slaves and confiscating the estates of disloyal
white southerners to remedy the volatile situation in the South, these measures are wholly impractical, say the editors. To
counter the treasonous sentiments pervading the region, Congress must guarantee basic rights for the freedmen and women and
must ensure that slavery will not return simply under the guise of a different name. The editors contend that the amendment
recently introduced by Thad Stevens is a "step in the right direction."
Valley Spirit, February 21, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "The Situation."
The U.S. is at a critical juncture in its history, asserts the article. Having just emerged from a lengthy war, the country
is in no condition -- financially, psychologically, or physically -- to fight. Yet, the article reminds readers, the nation
is still divided. Under these circumstances, then, the last thing the country needs is to be divided over domestic policy,
particularly over the issue of black suffrage.
Valley Spirit, February 28, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Constitution Unrolled."
In the aftermath of the President's veto of the Freedmen's Bureau bill, the editor lauds Johnson for his integrity and his
devotion to the "white race," whose social position is under assault by the Radicals. Pointing to their attempts to aid ex-slaves
and the refusal of the "rump" Congress to admit the representatives from the southern states, the piece calls on the "conservative
men of the country" to protest against the shelving of the Constitution.
Franklin Repository, February 28, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Our Fallen Ruler."
In light of Johnson's veto of the Freedmen's Bill, there is little doubt that a deep chasm has developed between the president
and the Republicans. The editors express disappointment at having been duped by Johnson's early statements, which, while vague
enough to conceal his true feelings, seemed to offer tacit support for the Republican platform.
Franklin Repository, March 7, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Political Status of the President."
The editors assert that, despite his attempts to explain the circumstances behind it, Johnson's February 22nd speech before
"copperheads and avowed rebels" was "insolent, defiant, vulgar and vituperative to a degree that would have degraded a ward
politician haranguing at a corner grog-shop." The veto of Freedmen's Bureau was not a singular event, rather it was emblematic
of his efforts to "seduce the Union men" to support his reconstruction scheme.
Valley Spirit, March 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Platform of the Disunionists."
Commenting on the Republicans' platform, the article notes that divisions within the party's ranks were glossed over in an
effort to minimize the chasm separating the two sides. This was done, it claims, to ensure the continued loyalty of conservative
members of the party, who would surely bolt if the platform reflected the true spirit of the current leadership and its opposition
to Johnson.
Franklin Repository, March 21, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Progress in Washington."
Since the tumult that followed Johnson's veto of the Freedmen's Bill, and the Presidential speech of the February 22nd, the
political climate has calmed somewhat, contend the editors. Although Johnson has not done enough to restore the "unbounded
faith" they once had in him, the editors express the hope that he will ultimately "redeem himself by seeking the confidence
of the Union men of the country." The true test, they assert, will be his position on the Civil Rights bill.
Franklin Repository, March 28, 1866, p. 2, c. 5: "The Civil Rights Bill."
An outline of the provisions contained in the Civil Rights Bill, which is expected to be vetoed by the President despite
receiving strong support in both houses of Congress.
Franklin Repository, April 4, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Another Blow At Freedom."
The editors criticize the President for his decision to veto the Civil Rights Bill, despite the fact that the legislation
passed both the Senate and House of Representatives by decisive margins. Despite Johnson's claims otherwise, they declare,
the bill does not propose to confer any "extraordinary rights" to blacks, rather it simply calls on the government to protect
their "natural rights" as citizens.
Franklin Repository, April 11, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Veto Vetoed!"
Overriding the President's veto, Congress passed the Civil Rights Bill, the editors joyously note. The enactment of the legislation
will guarantee that "caste, condition and color" shall no longer affect an individual's ability to enjoy the fruits of his
labor or protection under the law. But it does not grant suffrage to the freedmen, a decision supported by the editors who
contend that the qualifications for political rights are the province of the states.
Franklin Repository, April 18, 1866, p. 2, c. 7: "The 'Conservative' Party."
The article calls attention to the political machinations taking place in the South where "every returned rebel soldier,
every draft dodger, every ex-Camp Chasette and every sympathizer is identified with the so-called Conservative party." Admittedly,
the piece professes, "some of the measures of the Union party may be objectionable," yet, "can they possibly be as objectionable
as the infernal schemes concocted by the rebels and their sympathizing friends?"
Franklin Repository, April 25, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Clear the Decks for Action!"
Imploring the faithful to organize for the upcoming election, the editorial contends that only treachery, perpetrated by
either the copperheads or President Johnson, can stop the Union party from gaining an important victory in the upcoming election.
Franklin Repository, May 2, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Issues of the Contest."
Contrary to the claims made by the Democrats and other rebel sympathizers, avow the editors, the Union party "does not seek
to prevent the restoration of the rebel states." In fact, they insist that the nation would benefit immensely if the re-admission
process could be accelerated. Congress is not responsible for the failure to achieve this goal; rather blame rests entirely
on the southerners, for they consistently elect "traitors" to office despite laws barring them from serving.
Franklin Repository, May 16, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "More Vetoes."
Having "perfected his compact with traitors and copperheads," assert the editors, Johnson will surely veto two more bills
passed by Congress. The first bill would admit Colorado into the Union as a state, a move the President opposes because the
new state would most likely come under the rule of Republicans, thus granting the party an even larger majority in Congress.
The second bill is the Habeas Corpus Act, which was passed by Congress in an effort to protect loyal men in the South who
have been persecuted by local authorities for their actions during the late war, including any "real or imaginary destruction
of property or injury to individuals."
Franklin Repository, May 16, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "The Reconstruction Report."
The editors acknowledge that "there is a great diversity of opinion" among Republicans as to "the detail of the proper policy
of reconstruction," yet, they maintain, "Union men will unite cordially and earnestly in supporting any measure that may be
accepted by the Union men of Congress." Reconstruction policy represents a case in point; though there is much disagreement
over the best course of action to re-admit the former rebel states, Republicans agree that "traitors" should not be allowed
to dictate the terms of re-union.
Franklin Repository, May 23, 1866, p. 1, c. 7: "Representation."
The article cautions loyal men to remain attentive to the legislative changes that the rebels and their northern sympathizers
are striving to enact. These laws, it points out, would admit the former rebels to the Union "not as equals, but as superiors"
who, when the votes were tallied, would "account for nearly twice as much in influence upon all national questions as a loyal
man."
Franklin Repository, May 30, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Trust The People."
Although Congress has been deliberating what course of action it should take to reconstruct the South for the past six months,
the editors readily concede that the enormity of the task requires such a lengthy period of time. Indeed, they have every
confidence that Congress has used its time well and will enact a plan that both protects northerners' interests and respects
the rights of the "blood stained traitors." The only obstacle to achieving this goal is President Johnson, whom the editors
assert may try to subvert the government's efforts.
Franklin Repository, May 30, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "A Confused Cabinet."
The editorial comments on the discord within Johnson's cabinet. The President has managed to hold onto the support of Seward,
McCulloch, Welles, and Dennison, but has encountered resistance from Stanton, Harlan, and Speed, who have refused to follow
his meandering policy shifts. Thus, President Johnson faces opposition not only from Congress but from within his cabinet
as well.
Franklin Repository, June 6, 1866, p. 1, c. 7: "The Test Oaths."
The article summarily dismisses President Johnson's argument that the test oath should be modified or repealed because there
are not enough men to fill the national offices who can take the pledge.
Valley Spirit, June 20, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Final Passage of the Obstruction Amendment."
In highly critical terms, the article denounces the passage of the Obstruction Bill, describing it as a political maneuver
designed to "deceive the people and postpone the admission of the Southern States until after the next election."
Valley Spirit, June 27, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "The Constitutional Amendment."
Contains a copy of the message sent to Congress by the President criticizing that body's vote in favor of the Constitutional
Amendment.
Valley Spirit, June 27, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "No Shirking the Issue Now."
Despite being unconstitutional, the amendment recently approved by Congress will have a positive effect on the nation's political
discourse, reports the article, because its passage has left the Republicans with no wiggle room with regard to the issue
of black suffrage.
Franklin Repository, June 27, 1866, p. 1, c. 7: "Reconstruction."
The article details the findings contained in the report issued by the Committee on Reconstruction in Congress. As a result
of the continued antipathy of white southerners toward the federal government, the authors of the report assert that the former
rebel states "are not at present entitled to representation" in Congress and should not be granted such until they ratify
amendments to protect the civil rights of the freedpeople and "fix a stigma upon treason."
Valley Spirit, July 11, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Danger of Delay."
Accusing the Republicans of passing the constitutional amendment in order to maintain their grip on power and force their
radical agenda upon the country, the editorial asserts that their political chicanery will impede the restoration process,
and will thus have an adverse effect on the nation's future.
Valley Spirit, July 11, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "The National Convention, Again."
The editorial welcomes the announcement that a National Union Convention will be held in August, proclaiming it an "unexpected
quarter of chance of rescue" from the ruin promised by continued Republican rule.
Valley Spirit, July 11, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "From Washington."
Reports that several prominent members of Congress have called for a convention to meet in Philadelphia, on August 14th,
to discuss the deteriorating state of the Union.
Valley Spirit, July 18, 1866, p. 1, c. 4: "People Must Be Trusted In A Free Government."
In response to the passage of a loyalty oath, to be taken by all members of Congress, the article dismisses the measure as
unconstitutional.
Valley Spirit, July 18, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Radicals Frightened."
According to the editorial, the Radicals are running scared in Washington, fearful that their demise is imminent. For this
reason, they have sought to extend the current session of Congress "in order to checkmate the schemes" of the President, who,
they believe, is trying desperately to cut short their hold on power.
Valley Spirit, July 18, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Southern Radical Convention."
Prompted by Thad Stevens, Republicans have called for a convention of Southern Radicals. The meeting is scheduled to take
place in the first week of September.
Valley Spirit, July 25, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Radical Plot For Another Civil War."
As the battle intensifies between Congress and the President, asserts the article, the Radicals are becoming increasingly
militant in their beliefs, having "avowed their determination to resort to force, if necessary, to carry out their infamous
schemes."
Valley Spirit, August 1, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Philadelphia Convention."
The editorial praises the upcoming National Union Convention in Philadelphia as an opportunity to "kindle anew the glow of
patriotism" that binds the citizens of the country in "common allegiance."
Valley Spirit, August 1, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "The Adjournment of Congress."
Maligning Congress' accomplishments during the last session, the editorial states that its adjournment will usher in a "period
of comparative repose," which will provide the nation with "time to look back upon the eventful past, and into the coming
future, pregnant with good or evil for the country, as it may be used or abused."
Valley Spirit, August 1, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "The Cost of a Disunion Negro Party."
Reports on several of the expenditures approved by Congress for the upcoming year, which the editor holds to be a "shameful
waste of money" used for "mere partisan purposes."
Franklin Repository, August 8, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Spectre of Retribution."
The editors question the legitimacy of the dire warnings issued by the Philadelphia Age concerning the likelihood that the
"Rebel-Johnson" Convention will be terrorized by Republicans intent on disrupting the event. Yet, even if such an act did
occur, the editors explain, it would be highly hypocritical for the Philadelphia Age to complain since it failed to rebuke
the Democrats of Louisiana for the violence they perpetrated at the Constitutional Convention in 1864 and most recently in
the New Orleans Massacre.
Valley Spirit, August 22, 1866, p. 2, c. 6: "The Great Convention."
The editorial provides a glowing review of the proceedings at the National Union Convention in Philadelphia, and proclaims
the assembly a "turning point in the destin[y] of the nation."
Franklin Repository, September 12, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The President's Tour a National Disgrace."
The editors issue a tirade against the President, who, since taking "the reigns of government," has "loaded us with shame."
In particular, they target Johnson for the "venomous partisan harangues" he has repeatedly delivered over the course of his
most recent tour of the nation.
Franklin Repository, September 12, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "Inevitable Results."
Should the "Copperhead and Rebel party lately formed at Philadelphia" take control of the government, cautions the article,
it "would most assuredly adopt and carry out a Rebel policy." Among the measures it asserts would be adopted are the repudiation
of the National Debt and the Repeal of the Pension and Bounty Laws.
Valley Spirit, September 19, 1866, p. 1, c. 5: "Impeachment of President Johnson and a New Civil War."
With tension between the President and Congress mounting, it appears likely that, should the Radicals carry the Congressional
elections in the fall, an attempt will be made to impeach Johnson once they can agree upon the grounds for proceeding. The
article predicts that such a development would surely lead to a resumption of armed strife.
Valley Spirit, September 19, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "A Circulator of a Falsehoods."
The editorial chastises a local Republican for spreading malicious rumors about the Democratic platform. This "sneaking hypocrite,"
it claims, has been telling county residents that the Democrats intend to repudiate the national debt and assume the rebel
debt as well.
Valley Spirit, September 19, 1866, p. 2, c. 7: "The Negroes To Be Armed."
Contending that Radicals hope to instigate another Civil War, the article claims that Forney, a Republican candidate for
Congress, advocates arming southern blacks, a scheme that will lead to "the enactment of a scene of horror from which every
friend of humanity would turn away with loathing and terror."
Franklin Repository, September 19, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "Grant and Farragut."
The editors assuage any concerns over the decision by Grant and Farragut to accompany President Johnson on his "electioneering
tour," contending that, by virtue of their position within the armed services, they are required to obey the command of a
superior officer. Thus, they avow, the officers presence with Johnson does not signify support for his election effort or
his policies, only the fulfillment of their obligations.
Franklin Repository, September 19, 1866, p. 2, c. 4
According to the editors' estimations, there is no doubt as to the Democrats plans' should they--in tandem with Southern
representatives--succeed in electing a sufficient number of northern candidates to Congress to form a quorum: they will immediately
attempt to disband that two legislative bodies and "set up another Congress, and thus precipitate the country into another
rebellion."
Valley Spirit, September 26, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "Let the People Read!"
Based upon extracts of speeches delivered at the Republican National Convention, there can be no doubt whatsoever, insists
the article, where that party stands on the question of black suffrage.
Valley Spirit, September 26, 1866, p. 2, c. 5: "The Proposed Amendments Defined by the Republican National Committee."
After listing the Constitutional Amendments proposed by the Republicans, the article chastises the party for failing to take
a clear stand on the question of black suffrage.
Franklin Repository, September 26, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "A. J. Proceeds to Kick!"
Although the editors were not surprised that Johnson, "under the influence of St. Louis beverages," would voice his plans
to "'kick-out' Lincoln's office holders," they express considerable surprise that he had the audacity to undertake the process
prior to the election. This "madness," they relate, resulted in the removal of several staunch Republicans from local office,
including Chambersburg's ex-Post Master, John Deal. As for the replacements, the editors characterize them as less than able
and of questionable integrity.
Valley Spirit, October 3, 1866, p. 3, c. 1: "Local and Personal--Communication from a Republican."
Contains the third installment in a series of letters written by a Republican who has grown disillusioned with the course
his party has taken since the Radicals usurped control of the party's leadership.
Franklin Repository, October 3, 1866, p. 1, c. 6: "'My Policy' in 1864."
Since taking office, the article contends, Andrew Johnson has dramatically altered his stand regarding the rebels. To illustrate
the extent of his reversal, it compares Johnson's pronouncements from 1864, when he advocated disfranchising southern "traitors"
and confiscating their property, with his current, less adverserial policy.
Valley Spirit, October 10, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Where Will It End?"
According to the Radicals, attests the article, "the government can be made stronger and better by making a new Constitution,
and [by] compelling a minority of States which do not submit to it." The article questions how this plan differs from the
efforts of the southern states before the war.
Valley Spirit, October 10, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "Inciting The Negroes To Insurrection."
The Radicals are "contemplating a civil war as one of the means to hold possession of power," explains the article. As proof,
it points to examples around the country where blacks have been permitted, even encouraged, to form militias.
Valley Spirit, October 24, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Impeaching The President."
Though there is much talk in Congress about the impending impeachment of the President, the article points out that the procedure,
as spelled out by the Constitution, is lengthy and elaborate, and must be adhered to regardless of the size of the Radicals'
majority in Congress.
Valley Spirit, October 24, 1866, p. 2, c. 5: "Radicalism Means Revolution."
After articulating his views on the long-term impact of the Radical agenda on the nation, the author of the letter reproaches
Republican officials for their "unscrupulous" conduct.
Franklin Repository, October 24, 1866, p. 1, c. 8: "The Great Lesson!"
According to the article, one key issue--the debate over "national unity and peace"--dominated the political discourse in
the last campaign. Others topics, such as the tariff, internal improvements, and foreign relations were "discussed but only
incidentally." Consequently, the results of the various elections indicate that the general public in the North approves of
the Republicans' efforts to force the South to accept to proposed constitutional amendments before being re-admitted to the
Union.
Franklin Repository, October 24, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "Swinging Around Again."
In the wake of the resounding Republican victories in the recent elections, and the rebuke of "My Policy," it is still uncertain
whether President Johnson will continue his intransigence or will acknowledge defeat and consent to the Republicans' policies.
Valley Spirit, October 31, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "On the War Path."
Despite the fact that the rebellion has been put down and the South has accepted its defeat, the Radicals, says the editorial,
have yet to be satisfied. Their ultimate goal, it asserts, is to "obtain absolute powers of government unlimited by constitutional
constraints." In light of the situation, therefore, the Spirit suggests that it is possible that the "only path to peace and
a settled government lies through the furnace of revolution."
Franklin Repository, October 31, 1866, p. 2, c. 1
Just as President Johnson supported the rebels of New Orleans when they "conspired to murder the Union men of the city,"
the editors maintain that the President intends to aid Gov. Swann in his efforts "to nullify the constitution and laws of
Maryland to enable rebels to vote."
Franklin Repository, October 31, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Who Shall Dictate Terms?"
Although it is clear from the results of the latest elections that northerners "will consent to no policy of reconstruction
that falls short of the acceptance of the proposed constitutional amendments," the editors explain, white southerners refuse
to acquiesce to such demands. Rather than accept the "magnanimous terms of reconstruction" offered by the North, they "have
again listened to the promises of succor from a faithless President and the broken and demoralized Democracy, only to find
both overthrown by the people."
Franklin Repository, November 7, 1866, p. 1, c. 8: "The Late Election."
The excerpt declares that the election has given the Republicans a mandate to implement their Reconstruction policies, and
warns the President that his role is "to execute not legislate."
Valley Spirit, November 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "How Things Will Stand In The Next Congress."
Offers a preview of the composition of the next Congress, which the Republicans will dominate for at least the next three
years.
Franklin Repository, November 14, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "The Great Verdict!"
With all but six states having completed their elections, it is clear that the Republicans will hold at least two-thirds
of the seats in Congress. As such, say the editors, the result represents "a declaration of the People that cannot be misunderstood
by any section of the country." If the southern states wish to re-join the Union as full partners, they will not only have
to accept the constitutional amendments, but must enforce them as well, otherwise Congress will offer much less generous terms.
Valley Spirit, November 3, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "What of the Future."
With Congress scheduled to convene in less than two weeks, the editor speculates on what lays in store for the country, and
reaches the conclusion that, should the Radicals push through their agenda, another civil war may be imminent.
Franklin Repository, November 21, 1866, p. 1, c. 6: "Result of the Appeal."
The election has relieved a tremendous burden from the Republicans, says the article. Having secured a sufficient number
of seats in Congress to override any veto, they will no longer have to worry about the President's efforts to obstruct their
work on reconstruction.
Franklin Repository, November 21, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "A Word on Reconstruction."
The terms prescribed by Congress for Reconstruction "were designed to cause the least possible convenience to the people
of the South" and "the fewest possible restraints consistent with the peace and security of the government," say the editors.
But, declare the editors, should southern leaders "refuse to accept the terms offered, let us take advantage of [their] refusal,
and rebuild the nation's walls on the sure foundation of equal rights."
Valley Spirit, November 28, 1866, p. 1, c. 7: "Is Republican Government A Failure?"
Appealing to citizens to consider the consequences of the current crisis, the article asserts that continued political strife
threatens to confirm the theory put forth by "the despots of Europe" -- that "republican government is a mistake."
Valley Spirit, November 28, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Political Dead-Lock--Its Outcome."
Despite the Republicans' success in the late Congressional elections, it is the Democrats, says the article, who hold the
power to release the country from the present dead-lock in Washington. Once the Republicans come to understand this fact,
it continues, the impasse will finally be broken.
Valley Spirit, November 28, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "The Prospect Before Us."
In the wake of the Republicans' electoral triumph, it is unclear what course the country will take. But, says the editorial,
if the path pursued by the Radicals includes the impeachment of the President for "partizan purposes," this action "will be
looked upon as an usurpation of the entire Government and a declaration of war."
Franklin Repository, November 28, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Meeting of Congress."
The second session of the 39th Congress is set to begin next Monday, and will terminate on March 4th. Although the session
will be short, remark the editors, Congress' "duties and responsibilities will be of the gravest character." If, as it appears
will be the case, the South refuses to accept the amendments, the federal government will be called upon to impose the "strong
arm of power" to hasten the restoration of the Union.
Valley Spirit, December 5, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Late Election."
According to the article, the results of the last election demonstrate that the country's political system can be manipulated
to suit the desires of a determined minority.
Valley Spirit, December 5, 1866, p. 2, c. 3: "The Advanced Position of the Radicals."
The Radicals in Congress have proposed new legislation mandating the approval of only three-quarters of the loyal states
to ratify constitutional amendments. If the measure is approved, says the article, a partisan Congress will be able to "usurp
all power, change the system from a republic to a despotism and thus enslave the people."
Franklin Repository, December 5, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "Corrupt Appointments."
"One of the most important duties of the present Congress," assert the editors, will be to keep the President in check, particularly
his abuse of the power to appoint officials. Congress must scrutinize Johnson's nominees to ensure that only truly deserving
candidates are confirmed. To do otherwise, they assert, would give "sanction to the perfidy and shameless debauchery of the
President."
Valley Spirit, December 12, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Congress of Madmen."
Since the Republicans' triumph in the last election, notes the editorial, the country "is in the vortex of a tremendous revolution."
But with little power to stop the Radicals' assault on the Constitution, the Democrats can only "watch and pray."
Valley Spirit, December 12, 1866, p. 2, c. 4: "Renewal of Congressional Agitation."
Despite the President's decision to avoid any mention of controversial issues, his attempts to diffuse the tension in Washington
have had virtually no effect on the Radicals, who, asserts the article, are forging ahead with their plans "to widen the breaches
between the sections."
Franklin Repository, December 12, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "The President's Message."
In evaluating the tone and scope of President Johnson's message, the editorial states that there was nothing "remarkable"
about the speech, "except its weakness, and the universal disappointment it has occasioned." It seems, the piece relates,
that Johnson has "learned nothing" from the election.
Franklin Repository, December 19, 1866, p. 2, c. 1: "The Beginning!"
Demonstrating the degree to which sentiment toward the South has changed, the editors highlight the pending adoption of the
bill that grants suffrage to blacks in the District of Columbia and denies the same to "all who 'have voluntarily given aid
and comfort to the rebels.'" Only months ago, they note, the likelihood of such a measure becoming law would have been unthinkable,
but now, because of continued southern obstinacy, even the Senate is in favor of adopting more stringent terms for re-union.
This bill, they advise, "is evidently the first step toward taking possession of the rebellious States as territories."
Valley Spirit, December 26, 1866, p. 2, c. 2: "Attacking The Supreme Court."
Denounces the Washington Chronicle, a Republican journal, for running an article that rebukes the Supreme Court for its judgement
in the Indiana Conspiracy case.
Valley Spirit, January 9, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Democracy vs. Radicalism."
Although the Radicals' political power reached new heights with the election of the last Congress, the editor claims that,
in light of the Supreme Court's decision on the constitutionality of military tribunals, their power is now in decline.
Valley Spirit, January 16, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "The Veto Message."
The article applauds the President's decision to veto the suffrage bill, which it describes as "an infraction of the spirit
of the Constitution."
Valley Spirit, January 30, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Impending Coup D'Etat."
In reaction to the steady stream of Republican attacks on the Supreme Court, the editors assert there is little doubt that
party leaders are contemplating a "coup d'etat to consolidate all the powers of the government in the hands" of the Radicals.
Franklin Repository, January 30, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Reconstruction."
Almost two years has passed since the end of the war, relate the editors, yet in that time Congress has failed to lay out
a clear reconstruction plan that enjoys broad support among Republicans. The implications of the current state of affairs
in Washington are deeply troubling, they warn. With the "breach between the sections still widening," the continued impasse
will only make the task of finding an agreeable solution all the more difficult.
Valley Spirit, February 6, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Danger Of The Hour."
The article criticizes the Radicals, arguing that they are "waging war upon the co-ordinate branches of the government--the
Executive and the Judiciary--intending to swallow them up in the vortex of congressional usurpation." To avoid this fate,
it is essential that the people "speak out boldly against these conspirators."
Valley Spirit, February 6, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "Magnamity."
In response to the Repository, which characterized as "magnanimous" the Radicals' efforts to grant blacks the vote, the article
points out that the definitions of certain words are largely dependent the circumstances in which they are employed.
Franklin Repository, February 6, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Constitutional Reform."
Although they differ on the exact measures necessary to achieve the goal, Republican journals throughout the state have voiced
their unanimous support behind the proposal advanced by the Repository to revamp the legislative system. "The question of
impartial suffrage is manifestly coming upon us," say the editors, and it "cannot be postponed indefinitely."
Valley Spirit, February 13, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Radical Line Breaking."
In reaction to the Republicans' lack of unity on several key issues currently being debated in Congress, the editor suggests
that the "culminating point of venality and tyranny has at last been reached." Accordingly, he predicts an imminent demise
for the party's radical faction.
Franklin Repository, February 20, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Rebellious States."
In the wake of the South's refusal to adopt the proposed amendments to be readmitted to the union, Congress has passed two
new bills to deal with the "existing evils" present in the region, report the editors. The first "obliterates at one blow
the sham government organized by traitors" in Louisiana, and "provides for the creation of a loyal government, by the loyal
people ... without regard to color or caste--disfranchising all who have actively participated in the rebellion." The second,
the Military Reconstruction Bill proposed by Thad Stevens, places the "rebellious states under martial law."
Franklin Repository, February 20, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "Political Compromises."
Despite President Johnson's recent entreaties to Republicans to reach a compromise on Reconstruction, the editors question
his motives, noting that the "Republican party can have no faith nor approbation for the man who has so wantonly and wickedly
betrayed it."
Valley Spirit, February 27, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Military Despotism Bill."
Comparing it to the oppressive measures implemented by the British prior to the War of Independence, the editorial contends
that the Stevens Military Bill is "flagrantly at war with the letter and spirit of the Constitution."
Franklin Repository, February 27, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Morn Breaks Brightly."
The editors celebrate the passage of the Military Reconstruction bill, which they claim "cannot fail to rally the whole nation
to the fulfillment of its just and highest duty to Freedom and Mankind."
Franklin Repository, March 6, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The XXXIXth Congress."
Labeling it the most "important" and "memorable" session ever, the editors note the end of the passing of the 39th Congress.
Although the body faced the immense task of countering the "colossal perfidy of Andrew Johnson," they note, it persevered,
rescuing the nation from hands of treachery.
Franklin Repository, March 6, 1867, p. 2, c. 2
The article characterizes the 39th Congress' failure to pass the Tariff Bill as its "most serious blunder," and expresses
the hope that the next Congress will remedy the situation.
Valley Spirit, March 13, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The President's Message."
The article praises President Johnson for refusing to concede to the demands of the Radicals, and describes his message to
Congress as "the ablest state paper which ever emanated from the executive department of the government."
Valley Spirit, March 20, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Senate and the Appointing Power."
Asserting the Radicals' behavior is a testament to their tyrannical rule, the article accuses the Radicals in the Senate
of usurping President Johnson's authority to appoint public officials.
Valley Spirit, March 27, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The 'Bread and Butter Brigade'"
The editorial charges that, despite swearing a solemn oath never to accept an appointment to serve in the Johnson administration,
a number of Radicals have evidently changed their minds and are now flocking to Washington in search of the same "bread and
butter" patronage positions they earlier dismissed.
Valley Spirit, March 27, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "Radical Perfidy."
Discounting Radicals' claims to support a speedy restoration of the Union, the article notes that they have repeatedly changed
the qualifications for the southern states to be readmitted.
Valley Spirit, April 3, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "A Timely Warning"
Despite the Republicans' pledge last year to refrain from forcing black suffrage upon the South, Radicals' actions in Congress
thus far appear to repudiate all such claims. As evidence, the article includes a copy of a bill introduced by Senator Wilson
that would make it illegal to deny the vote to any male citizen of the country on the basis of his color or race.
Valley Spirit, April 10, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Beginning of the End."
The editorial celebrates the Democrats' victory in the recent election in Connecticut and asserts that it "shows that the
people of the country are at last beginning to awake to the true condition of the country."
Valley Spirit, April 17, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Democratic Party and the Future."
The article criticizes politicians who claim to be opposed to the "extreme measures of the Radicals," yet refuse to join
the Democrats on the grounds that the party can "never hope to attain success" in the future because of its position during
the war. Without the party, the piece explains, the "Conservative masses have no efficient organization ... to discipline
the anti-Radical forces of the nation, and make them effective at the polls."
Valley Spirit, April 24, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "Military Rule Against Civil Law."
The article asserts that the Stevens-Sherman bill denies "the people of the South" their "civil rights." The provisions contained
within the legislation -- the "annulment of contracts, the placing of impediments in the way of executions for debt, and other
radical changes in the law" -- represent a serious threat to "the rights of self-government guaranteed to the people by the
Constitution."
Valley Spirit, May 8, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Despotism Advances."
In the wake of Congress' decision to place the former Confederate states under military rule, the editors claim that the
Radicals have now focused their attention on the border states -- Maryland, Tennessee, and Kentucky -- and "are threatening
them with the same absolute despotism, unless they vote the Radical ticket."
Franklin Repository, May 8, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Another Swing."
Questioning the purpose and timing of the President's decision to travel to Raleigh, NC, to re-inter his parents in a grand
ceremony, the editors suggest that Johnson's motives are influenced less by filial devotion than by politics.
Valley Spirit, May 29, 1867, p. 2, c. 3
In an attempt to garner opposition to the Radicals' Reconstruction policies, the editors assert the recent racial strife
in the South caused $50 million worth of damage to the region's "productive interests." White northerners will be taxed to
make up the deficit to the Treasury, the editors maintain. According to their analysis, in fact, "the present Radical policy
of governing the South directly increases the expenses of the government one hundred millions per annum."
Valley Spirit, June 5, 1867, p. 1, c. 6: "Song of the Workingman."
In response to the frequent refrain, "Why are the rich growing every year rapidly richer, and the people who work for wages
poorer?," the article surmises that "the blame" rests "rightfully" with the Radical party. The article includes a poem suggesting
that the Radical Congress has taxed the white workingman to feed and clothe the freedmen and women.
Valley Spirit, June 26, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Issue."
In the upcoming election, contend the editors, the key issue will be black suffrage. Should the majority of voters declare
themselves in favor of granting blacks the ballot, the editors suggest that the Democrats will "submit" to the will of the
people. But should the measure not pass, Congress has no right to foist it upon Pennsylvania whites.
Valley Spirit, June 26, 1867, p. 2, c. 6: "A Leak That Could Be Stopped."
Rather than spend the millions necessary to operate the Internal Revenue Service, the article proposes that the federal government
shift the burden to the states. Such a move, it avows, would result in "an immense savings of money."
Franklin Repository, June 26, 1867, p. 2, c. 3
It is reported that Congress will meet for an extra session beginning on July 3rd. The extra session is necessary to insure
that President Johnson does not "nullify" the reconstruction laws recently passed by that body. Johnson's attempts to interfere
with the process already underway, the piece contends, has rendered him "more odious to the loyal people of the country than
ever before."
Valley Spirit, July 10, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Cost of Radical Reconstruction."
In addition to imposing an unreasonable burden on white southerners, Reconstruction, note the editors, is exhausting the
treasury. "With a debt of three thousand millions hanging over the country," they argue, "Congress continues to rob the people
of their hard earnings by recklessly appropriating large sums of money to keep up an expensive military establishment in the
South, in order to perpetuate the Radical party in power."
Valley Spirit, July 17, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Military Reconstruction."
The article laments the passage of the Reconstruction Bill the week before. The measure, it says, will place "military power"
above civil authority.
Valley Spirit, July 17, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Advance of Despotism."
As history teaches us, constant vigilance on the part of the people is required to protect a society from succumbing to authoritarian
rule. Unfortunately, the article relates, over the course of the previous six years, the "outposts of American liberty have
been surrendered," one by one, as citizens have laid "down their manhood" and "independence." The only solution to the predicament
is for "people to stand up like men" and assert their rights.
Franklin Repository, July 17, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Reconstruction."
Although Thad Stevens stood alone when he first articulated the view that the southern states held the status of a "foreign
power" after they rose up in rebellion against the Union, this position is now widely accepted in Congress, say the editors.
As a result, there is a general consensus within that body that the southern states are to be treated as a "conquered territory,"
a decision that "implies a total forfeiture of rights by the rebellious States and assumes a sovereign power in Congress to
govern, direct and control them so long as they remain in their present condition." Thus Congress will have the final word
on the terms for reconstructing the Union.
Valley Spirit, August 14, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Negro Suffrage In Pennsylvania."
The editors commend the Harrisburg Telegraph for its honesty in coming "out squarely in favor of negro suffrage," but criticizes
the journal for its advocacy of a congressional measure to force states to grant blacks the vote "in open and flagrant violation
of the Constitution."
Franklin Repository, August 14, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Andrew Johnson and Mr. Stanton."
Asserting that no man did more than Edwin Stanton to "crush" the rebellion, the editors lament the resignation of the Secretary
of War, who was forced from his position by President Johnson.
Valley Spirit, August 21, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "General Grant."
Republicans, say the editors, are "perplexed" by Gen. Grant's decision to accept a position in Johnson's Cabinet. According
to the editors, however, his rationale is quite simple. Grant took the offer because he endorses the President's "policy of
speedy reconstruction."
Franklin Repository, August 21, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Grant and the Secretaryship."
After noting that Gen. Grant has assumed Sec. Stanton's post, the piece speculates on the general's political loyalties,
contending that he will follow a path similar to the one taken by Stanton. Consequently, it questions the excitement generated
in the Democratic press about Grant's appointment.
Valley Spirit, August 28, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "Opening On Grant."
The editors of the Valley Spirit rebuke their Republican counterpart for suggesting that the public would abandon Gen. Grant
if the war hero accepts President Johnson's offer to join his cabinet.
Valley Spirit, August 28, 1867, p. 2, c. 3
According to the article, the current in-fighting among Republicans seems to "indicate a realization of the prediction" made
by the Anti-Slavery Standard last April when the journal asserted that the party would soon split.
Valley Spirit, September 11, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "Reaction."
When the South left the Union, say the new editors of the Valley Spirit, the "influence of seccession extended beyond the
limits of the seceding States." Indeed, that decision "hung mill-stones around the necks" of northern Democrats, who were
implicated and persecuted as a consequence of their association with southern wing of the party. But now, after seven years
of defeat and marginalization, the Democrats have been resurrected.
Franklin Repository, September 11, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "How the Matter Stands."
According to the editors, there is one key issue dividing the parties in the upcoming election: their respective views on
reconstruction. The Republicans support a reconstruction policy to fashion the nation into "a perfect Republic," one in which
"all men shall be entitled to the same right and privileges of citizenship." By contrast, the Democrats endorse a return to
the pre-war status quo.
Franklin Repository, September 18, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The First Consul."
The editors cast Johnson's Amnesty Proclamation as yet another unsavory act promulgated by the President since his ascent
to power. The proclamation illustrates just how little regard Johnson has for democracy and the nation as a whole.
Valley Spirit, September 25, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Negro Suffrage."
Despite their repeated attempts to instruct voters on the true designs of the Radicals -- that is, to enfranchise blacks
-- the editors lament the fact that white Republicans have yet to see the light. Everywhere Republicans have been voted into
office, they have "clothed the negro with the right of suffrage."
Valley Spirit, October 2, 1867, p. 2, c. 2: "What The Radicals Intend."
If elected, the editors avow, the Republicans in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and New York will move ahead with their primary objective:
to impeach the President. Once Johnson is deposed, the editors insist, the Radicals will "put Benjamin Wade in the Executive
chair" and initiate their corrupt program. The only way "to save the country" from imminent "anarchy" is to vote for the Democratic
ticket.
Valley Spirit, October 9, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Victory."
With partial returns in from the election, it appears, according to the editors, that the Democrats will emerge with a majority
of two to three hundred. By electing the Democrats, they declare, the people "have spoken against military despotisms established
by Congress and against negro suffrage."
Valley Spirit, October 16, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Radical Sensitiveness."
The editors dismiss the criticism lodged by local Radicals that they focused an inordinate amount of coverage to the issue
of black suffrage. According to the editors' rationale, the Democrats' resounding victory justified their emphasis on the
highly controversial topic and proves that they have nothing to be apologize for.
Valley Spirit, October 23, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Cabinet Changes."
President Johnson is planning to make further changes to his cabinet; "prominent" Democrats have urged him to consider members
of their party as possible replacements. The editors counsel against such a move because, in addition to undermining the credibility
of any Democrat who joined Johnson's cabinet, it would do the President "more harm than good."
Valley Spirit, October 30, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Trouble In The Radical Camp."
Since the election, explains the article, the Republicans have splintered over the best course of action for the party to
pursue. The split has become particularly pronounced over the issue of the party's next presidential nominee. The conservative
wing has proposed Gen. Grant as the Republicans' candidate, a move that would surely provoke the ire of the "extreme men"
in the party.
Valley Spirit, November 6, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Seven Years of Radicalism."
According to the editors, Republican rule has had a devastating effect on the country. They have burdened the American public
with bloody conflict, rampant corruption, and costly taxes. But now, the editors say, it appears as though the "doom" cast
by Radical rule is approaching an end.
Franklin Repository, November 6, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Democracy and Mr. Stevens."
The editors rebuke their Democratic counterparts for lowering the threshold of acceptable journalism by publishing venomous
diatribes against Thad Stevens.
Valley Spirit, November 13, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Overthrow Of Radicalism."
In light of the results from the October elections, the country appears to be heading toward reconciliation, report the editors.
As proof they point to the fact that Democrats made substantial gains throughout the North, even in Massachusetts--that "hotbed
of Radicalism."
Franklin Repository, November 13, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Foreboding."
Despite the Republicans' recent electoral setbacks, explain the editors, the Democrats will not be able to reverse the current
course of the nation. Though the "partial success of this despicable party" has emboldened southerners and given them new
hope that they might achieve what they "failed to secure by their appeal to arms," the vigilance of Congress and the people
will prevail.
Franklin Repository, November 27, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The Political Lesson of 1867."
In his first editorial since departing for his tour of the Rocky Mountains, McClure laments the Republicans' poor performance
in the recent elections. He asserts the results are a consequence of the public's reaction to rampant political corruption.
Should the party's troubles continue in the Presidential election in 1868, he avows, it "would turn back the tide of progress"
and lead to the "practical re-enslavement of the Freedmen."
Franklin Repository, November 27, 1867, p. 2, c. 3: "Past and Future."
Praising Radical Republicans and their political vision, the editorial casts them as the heirs to the founding Fathers' legacy
By contrast, the Democrats "have no policy for the future" and "would go back if they could to the local statutes of the South
which authorized the sale of man on the auction block; which punished with the lash, at the whipping post, men, women and
children; and imprisoned any who dared to teach the colored man to read the scriptures."
Franklin Repository, December 4, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Shall Congress Recede."
The editor scoffs at Democratic assertions that Congress should back down from its reconstruction policies in light of the
recent election results, maintaining they represent a minor setback in the "brief, but thrilling history of our great struggle
for Human Rights."
Valley Spirit, December 11, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "The President's Message."
Ranking the President Johnson's message among the "ablest" of his "state documents," the editors praise Johnson for maintining
his resolve against the Reconstruction Acts and the Tenure of Office Bill, despite facing the threat of impeachment.
Franklin Repository, December 11, 1867, p. 2, c. 4: "The President's Message."
The editorial criticizes President Johnson for his intransigence on the issue of reunification and characterizes his speech
work as the work of an "accomplished demagogue."
Valley Spirit, December 18, 1867, p. 2, c. 2
The editors ridicule the Repository for endorsing Gen. Grant without having a clear sense of where he stands on the issues
that are most dear to its cause. The Repository's advocacy of his candidacy, they avow, illustrates the lengths Republicans
will go "in order to increase their chances of whipping the Democrats" in the next election: the Republicans have shown they
are willing to sacrifice "principle" for "expediency."
Franklin Repository, December 18, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "Congress and Christmas."
The editors call on Congress to continue its work so that it may finish the present session "uninterrupted to its end." This,
they say, is necessary to insure that Congress's plans for reconstruction are implemented, and to counter any attempt by President
Johnson to "destroy the good work of the loyalists." "Never had a legislative body more solemn duties imposed upon it."
Valley Spirit, December 25, 1867, p. 2, c. 1: "A Radical Blow At Grant."
Reports that representatives from the Union Leagues of America and the Grand Army of the Republic met on Dec. 11th and passed
a joint resolution urging the National Republican Convention to select a Presidential candidate who believes in the "equal
rights of all men before the law" and "universal manhood suffrage." The editors of the Valley Spirit applaud this development
because they feel it will force Gen. Grant to make public his sentiments on black suffrage (and might therefore cause dissent
within the Republican ranks) and because they feel it will draw clear distinctions between the platforms of the respective
parties in the upcoming election.
