A part of the stores of the Eighteenth Corps arrived from White House during the day, and among them forty hospital-tent flies, which, being pitched end to end and the sides fastened to a railing raised 2 feet from the ground, formed a series of very excellent hospital wards. About 1,100 wounded were left on the field from the day’s engagement, it being impossible to remove them, as they were between the lines and completely covered by the enemy's sharpshooters. The result of the battle was not decisive, the enemy retaining his original position at nightfall, while the hostile lines were at some points not more than 100 yards apart, each being protected by breast-works of logs and earth. On the 4th of June there was no fighting, except an occasional skirmish between the pickets. The day was occupied in collecting and bringing in from the field m many of the wounded from the preceding day's battle as could be gotten at. The number brought in was as follows:
Second Corps | 494 |
Fifth Corps | 322 |
Sixth Corps | 154 |
Ninth Corps | 25 |
Eighteenth Corps | 706 |
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Total | 1,701 |
One hundred empty army wagons, obtained from the reserve supply train
on the morning of the 4th, were divided equally among the several corps,
and the corps medical directors were ordered to send all wounded to White
House, using one-half of their ambulances if necessary. Forty-three new
ambulances, which reported on the morning of the 4th, were sent to the
medical director of the Eighteenth Corps to assist in the same work. Each
medical director also had all of the corps' empty wagons. All the trains
were loaded and on the way by 2 p. m., the number being sent was as follows:
Corps | Sick | Wounded | Wagons | Ambulances |
Second Corps | 17 | 606 | 29 | 84 |
Fifth Corps | 43 | 420 | 66 | 40 |
Sixth Corps | 87 | 639 | 60 | 64 |
Eighteenth Corps | --- | 400 | 25 | 43 |
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Total | 161 | 2794 | 255 | 289 |
No engagement of consequence occurred after this time and the position
of the corps and hospitals remained comparatively unchanged for the following
week. The hospitals of the Second Corps were moved to the Tyler house on
the 7tb, an open elevated location, with excellent water. The wounded and
seriously sick were sent back to White House almost daily, the total number
sent from June 5 to June 13 being as follows:
Corps | Sick | Wounded | Total | |
Second Corps | 631 | 976 | 1607 | |
Fifth Corps | 75 | 55 | 130 | |
Sixth Corps | 157 | 178 | 335 | |
Ninth Corps | 461 | 203 | 664 | |
Eighteenth Corps | 138 | 904 | 1042 | |
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Total | 1462 | 2316 | 3778 |
The number of sick in the army increased largely during the first half of June, and the severity of cases became greater. The constant labor and watchfulness of the previous month began to manifest its effects. The country was low and marshy in character, the water derived almost entirely from surface drainage, and the condition of the men in the trenches very bad, in a sanitary point of view. For over a month they had had no vegetables, and the beef used was from cattle who were exhausted by the long march through the country but scantily provided with forage. The men had to lie close behind the breast-works to avoid the sharpshooters, as it was almost certain death to expose one's person at certain parts of the line, and their cooking was imperfect and of the simplest description. Dead horses and offal of various kinds were scattered over the country everywhere, and between the lines were many dead bodies of either party unburied and decomposing in the burning sun. A large number of recruits joined the army at this place, and contributed greatly to swell the sick list. Malarial and typho-malarial fevers and diarrhea were the prevailing diseases. No distinct cases of scurvy were observed at this time, but a scorbutic taint was undoubtedly affecting the army and depressing its health and spirits.