Issue Number:28

Date: 02/17/1934

p. 02 and 04, c. 01, 03, 02

Do You Know This One?

Thomas J. Sellers

1. How much truth is there attached to the old saying that explorers showed African's attractive beads and ribbons and coaxed them away from Africa?
2. How has the ancient religion of the African influenced modern art?
3. In what way are we convinced that Africans possessed intelligent ideas about persons and things?
4. Can you recite a proverb, the utterance of a slave?
5. How did the American Revolution aid in creating, to a certain extent, an interest in and respect for the Negro?
6. How do you account for the unusual power and influence of the Negro preacher among his people?
7. How did the Louisiana Purchase affect the Negro in the United States?
8. Who were the "mustees"?
9. What disproved the belief among slaveholders that, because Negroes could not make a living, they should be held as slaves?
10. What gave rise to the first day school for freedmen in the State of Virginia?

Answers 1. None. Africans, like the Phoenicians, the Greeks and the Romans, were bound together as families in clans and tribes under chiefs. Ambitious, warring chiefs waged war on neighboring tribes and the captives were either put to death, or sold as servan ts. This is the way the Dutchmen obtained from the West coast of Africa, the Negroes whom they brought to Jamestown in 1619.
2. Their religious duty and worship of spirits formed the foundation for African art which the modern world is just beginning to appreciate.
3. Through the reading of their proverbs and folk-tales. One gets a splendid idea of their luxuriant imagination, and it is understood that the most beautiful, the most valuable classics were born of the imagination.
4. "I will be kind to you today. If fortune today is on my side, tomorrow it may be on yours, and what I have won today, that I may lose tomorrow." This proverb was the utterance of Diagullo, a native of Havana. Because of maltreatment by the Governor of Campeche, to whom he was bound, he escaped and swam to one of the Dutch ships in Havana. He offered to serve the Dutch against those who had abused him, he became a favorite. Later he rose to the position of captain of a vessel. Once when a ship up on which a minister was sailing was captured and the personal belongings were taken from those aboard, he (Daiguillo) said to Sir Thomas Gage, the minister, the above mentioned proverb and allowed him to retain some books, pictures and clothes.
5. Over three thousand negroes fought bravely in defense of America. In order to operate against the British, they had to be uniformly clad and equipped. The authorities changed their attitude, at that time and enlisted Negroes in considerable numbers. They stood first as martyrs and died heroically. This made many great political and religious leaders become more interested. This was one of the germs that later fermented into many germs of freedom.
6. This is doubtless, due to his being the first leader among Negroes and his serious mission.
7. It caused slavery to expand and made the lot of the slave harder.
8. As a result of fugitive slaves, prior to the Civil War, seeking shelter among the Indians, there came about a mixed breed, Negro and Indian. These were called "Mustees".
9. The free Negroes, at that time, were walking evidence against this belief. They were quite successful in making a living and some of them gained prominence in fields of intellect and invention.
10. In 1861, Lewis Tappan, the Treasurer of the American Missionary Association, learned from General Butler, in charge at Fortress Monroe, Virginia, that education was the immediate need of freedom in that State. He, therefore, sent C. L. Lockwood to e stablish at Hampton the first day school for freedom in that State. The first teacher of this school was Mrs. Mary S. Peake, an educated Negro woman.